Awọn fifi sori ẹrọ Aifọwọyi ti Ọpọlọpọ Awọn pinpin RHEL/CentOS 7 lilo PXE Server ati Awọn faili Kickstart

Nkan yii jẹ itẹsiwaju ti Ṣeto Ayika Ayika PXE ti tẹlẹ mi lori RHEL/CentOS 7 ati pe o ni idojukọ lori bi o ṣe le ṣe Awọn fifi sori ẹrọ Aifọwọyi ti RHEL/CentOS 7, laisi iwulo fun ilowosi olumulo, lori awọn ẹrọ ti ko ni ori nipa lilo faili Kickstart ti a ka lati agbegbe FTP server.

Igbaradi ayika fun iru fifi sori ẹrọ tẹlẹ ti ni ilọsiwaju lori itọnisọna tẹlẹ nipa iṣeto PXE Server, bọtini nikan ti o padanu, faili Kickstart kan, ni ijiroro siwaju lori ẹkọ yii.

Ọna to rọọrun lati ṣẹda akanṣe Kickstart faili ti o le lo siwaju si fun awọn fifi sori ẹrọ lọpọlọpọ ni lati ṣe pẹlu ọwọ fifi sori ẹrọ ti RHEL/CentOS 7 ati daakọ, lẹhin ilana fifi sori ẹrọ pari, faili ti a npè ni anaconda-ks.cfg , ti o ngbe ni ọna /root , si ipo nẹtiwọọki ti o wọle si, ki o ṣọkasi initrd ipilẹṣẹ bata inst.ks = Ilana: //path/to/kickstart.fileto PXE Faili iṣeto ni Akojọ aṣyn.

  1. Ṣeto Server Server Boot Nẹtiwọọki kan lori RHEL/CentOS 7

Ikẹkọ yii, ati iṣeto faili Kickstart, nikan ni wiwa fifi sori Pọọku ti RHEL/CentOS 7 laisi Fifi sori aworan, ni ipilẹṣẹ faili Kikstart jẹ abajade lati ilana Fifi sori Pọọku Pọọku RHEL/CentOS 7 tẹlẹ.

  1. Ilana Fifi sori Pọọku CentOS 7
  2. RHEL 7 Ilana Fifi sori Pọọku Koko

Ti o ba nilo faili Kickstart kan ti o bo GUI Fifi sori ẹrọ ati tabili ipin ipin kan pato, Mo daba pe ki o kọkọ ṣe isọdi-adaṣe
Fifi sori aworan ti RHEL/CentOS 7 ni agbegbe ti o ni agbara ati lilo ti o mu faili Kickstart wa fun awọn fifi sori ẹrọ GUI ọjọ iwaju.

Igbesẹ 1: Ṣẹda ati Daakọ faili Kiskstart si Ọna olupin FTP

1. Ni igbesẹ akọkọ lọ si ẹrọ PXE rẹ /root ilana ati daakọ faili ti a npè ni anaconda-ks.cfg si Vsftpd ọna olupin aiyipada (/ var/ftp/pub) - tun ọna fun RHEL/CentOS 7 Orisun Fifi sori Digi Agbegbe ti tunto lori PXE Nẹtiwọọki Nẹtiwọọki PXE - Igbese 6 (tọka nkan ipilẹ olupin PXE loke).

# cp anaconda-ks.cfg  /var/ftp/pub/
# chmod 755 /var/ftp/pub/anaconda-ks.cfg

2. Lẹhin ti a ti daakọ faili naa, ṣii pẹlu olootu ọrọ ayanfẹ rẹ ki o ṣe awọn ayipada kekere wọnyi.

# nano /var/ftp/pub/anaconda-ks.cfg

  1. Rọpo –url ti a fiweranṣẹ pẹlu ipo orisun fifi sori ẹrọ nẹtiwọọki rẹ: Ex: –url=ftp://192.168.1.25/pub/
  2. Rọpo nẹtiwọọki –bootproto pẹlu dhcp bi o ba ṣẹlẹ pe o ti tunto awọn atọkun nẹtiwọọki pẹlu ọwọ lori ilana fifi sori ẹrọ.

Apejuwe lori bii faili Kickstart kan le dabi ti gbekalẹ ni isalẹ.

#version=RHEL7
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://192.168.1.25/pub/"
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8

# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777736 --ipv6=auto --activate
network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$RMPTNRo5P7zulbAR$ueRnuz70DX2Z8Pb2oCgfXv4qXOjkdZlaMnC.CoLheFrUF4BEjRIX8rF.2QpPmj2F0a7iOBM3tUL3tyZNKsDp50
# System services
services --enabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Europe/Bucharest --isUtc
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part pv.20 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=19979
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=500
volgroup centos --pesize=4096 pv.20
logvol /  --fstype="xfs" --grow --maxsize=51200 --size=1024 --name=root --vgname=centos
logvol swap  --fstype="swap" --size=2048 --name=swap01 --vgname=centos

%packages
@compat-libraries
@core
wget
net-tools
chrony

%end

Fun awọn aṣayan faili Kickstart ti o ni ilọsiwaju siwaju sii ati sintasi ni ọfẹ lati ka iwe RHEL 7 Kickstart Documentation.

3. Ṣaaju ki o to gbiyanju lati lo faili yii fun awọn ilana fifi sori ẹrọ, o ṣe pataki ki o ṣayẹwo faili naa ni lilo ksvalidator pipaṣẹ ti o wa lori package Pykickstart , paapaa ti o ba ti ṣe awọn isọdi ọwọ. Ṣafikun package Pykickstart ki o ṣayẹwo faili Kickstart rẹ nipa fifun awọn ofin wọnyi.

# yum install pykickstart
# ksvalidator /var/ftp/pub/anaconda-ks.cfg

4. Ijẹrisi ti o kẹhin ni lati ni idaniloju pe faili Kickstart wa ni wiwọle lati ipo nẹtiwọọki rẹ ti o ṣafihan - ninu ọran yii Orisun fifi sori Figi Agbegbe FTP ṣalaye nipasẹ titẹle Adirẹsi URL.

ftp://192.168.1.25/pub/

Igbesẹ 2: Ṣafikun Aami fifi sori Kikstart si Iṣeto ni olupin PXE

5. Lati le wọle si Fifi sori ẹrọ Aifọwọyi ti RHEL/CentOS 7 aṣayan lati PXE Akojọ aṣyn ṣafikun aami atẹle si iṣeto faili aiyipada PXE.

# nano /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

PXE Akojọ aṣyn Akojọ.

label 5
menu label ^5) Install RHEL 7 x64 with Local Repo using Kickstart
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.ks=ftp://192.168.1.25/pub/anaconda-ks.cfg inst.vnc inst.vncpassword=password

label 5
menu label ^5) Install CentOS 7 x64 with Local Repo using Kickstart
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.ks=ftp://192.168.1.25/pub/anaconda-ks.cfg inst.vnc inst.vncpassword=password

Bi o ṣe le rii lati apẹẹrẹ yii fifi sori ẹrọ laifọwọyi le ni abojuto nipasẹ VNC pẹlu ọrọ igbaniwọle (rọpo ọrọ igbaniwọle VNC ni ibamu) ati faili Kickstart wa ni agbegbe ni olupin PXE ati pe o ti ṣalaye nipasẹ initrd paramita bata inst.ks = ipo nẹtiwọọki FTP (rọpo ilana ati ipo nẹtiwọọki ni deede ti o ba nlo awọn ọna fifi sori ẹrọ miiran bii HTTP, HTTPS, NFS tabi Awọn orisun Fifi sori ẹrọ latọna jijin ati awọn faili Kickstart).

Igbesẹ 3: Tunto awọn alabara lati Fi RHEL/CentOS 7 sori Aladaaṣe nipa lilo Kickstart

6. Lati fi sori ẹrọ laifọwọyi RHEL/CentOS 7 ati ṣe abojuto gbogbo ilana fifi sori ẹrọ, paapaa lori awọn olupin ti ko ni ori, kọ ẹrọ ẹrọ alabara rẹ lati BIOS
lati bata lati nẹtiwọọki, duro ni iṣeju diẹ lẹhinna tẹ F8 ati Tẹ awọn bọtini, lẹhinna yan aṣayan Kickstart lati inu akojọ PXE.

7. Lẹhin awọn ẹrù ekuro ati ramdisk ati iwari faili Kickstart, ilana fifi sori ẹrọ bẹrẹ laifọwọyi laisi ipasẹ eyikeyi lati ẹgbẹ olumulo ti o nilo. Ti o ba fẹ wo ilana fifi sori ẹrọ sopọ pẹlu alabara kan VNC lati kọmputa miiran nipa lilo adirẹsi ti oluṣeto naa pese fun ọ ati gbadun iwo naa.

8. Lẹhin ilana fifi sori ẹrọ pari wiwọle si eto ti a fi sii tuntun pẹlu akọọlẹ root ati ọrọ igbaniwọle ti o lo lori fifi sori tẹlẹ (
ọkan ti o daakọ faili Kickstart) ati yi ọrọ igbaniwọle gbongbo alabara rẹ pada nipasẹ ṣiṣe passwd pipaṣẹ.

Gbogbo ẹ niyẹn! Aifọwọyi Kickstart awọn fifi sori ẹrọ nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn anfani fun awọn alabojuto eto ni awọn agbegbe ti wọn ni lati ṣe awọn fifi sori ẹrọ eto lori awọn ẹrọ lọpọlọpọ ni akoko kanna, ni akoko kukuru kan, laisi iwulo lati fi ọwọ ṣe ifa ọwọ pẹlu ilana fifi sori ẹrọ.