Observium: Iṣakoso Nẹtiwọọki Pipe kan ati Eto Abojuto fun RHEL/CentOS


Observium jẹ ohun elo Nẹtiwọọki Nẹtiwọọki ati Abojuto iwakọ ti PHP/MySQL, ti o ṣe atilẹyin ọpọlọpọ awọn ọna ṣiṣe/awọn iru ẹrọ ẹrọ pẹlu, Linux, Windows, FreeBSD, Cisco, HP, Dell, NetApp ati ọpọlọpọ diẹ sii. O n wa lati ṣafihan oju opo wẹẹbu ti o lagbara ati rọrun lati ṣe atẹle ilera ati iṣẹ ti nẹtiwọọki rẹ.

Observium n ṣajọ data lati awọn ẹrọ pẹlu iranlọwọ ti SNMP ati ṣafihan data wọnyẹn ni apẹẹrẹ ayaworan nipasẹ wiwo wẹẹbu kan. O ṣe lilo nla ti package RRDtool. O ni awọn ibi-afẹde apẹrẹ oninọrun tinrin, eyiti o pẹlu gbigba pupọ alaye alaye nipa awọn ẹrọ, ṣiṣe awari adaṣe patapata pẹlu diẹ tabi ko si idalọwọduro ọwọ, ati nini wiwo ti o rọrun pupọ sibẹsibẹ ti o lagbara.

Jọwọ ni demo iyara lori ayelujara ti Observium ti a gbe kalẹ nipasẹ olugbala ni ipo atẹle.

  1. http://demo.observium.org/

Nkan yii yoo ṣe itọsọna fun ọ lori bawo ni a ṣe le fi sori ẹrọ Observium lori RHEL, CentOS ati Scientific Linux, ẹya ti o ni atilẹyin ni EL (Idawọlẹ Linux) 6.x. Lọwọlọwọ, Observium ko ṣe atilẹyin fun EL tu silẹ 4 ati 5 lẹsẹsẹ. Nitorinaa, jọwọ maṣe lo awọn itọnisọna atẹle lori awọn idasilẹ wọnyi.

Igbesẹ 1: Fifi Forge RPM Forge ati Awọn ibi ipamọ EPEL

RPMForge ati EPEL jẹ ibi ipamọ ti o pese ọpọlọpọ awọn idii sọfitiwia rpm afikun-fun rHEL, CentOS ati Scientific Linux. Jẹ ki a fi sori ẹrọ ati mu awọn ibi ipamọ agbegbe ti o da lori agbegbe meji wọnyi ṣiṣẹ nipa lilo awọn atẹle pataki ti awọn aṣẹ.

# yum install wget
# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# wget http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
# rpm -Uvh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum install wget
# wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.rpm
# wget http://epel.mirror.net.in/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# wget http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
# rpm -Uvh rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el6.rf.rpm
# rpm -Uvh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

Igbesẹ 2: Fi Awọn idii Ẹrọ Ti nilo sii

Bayi jẹ ki a fi awọn idii sọfitiwia ti o nilo fun Observium sori ẹrọ.

# yum install httpd php php-mysql php-gd php-snmp vixie-cron php-mcrypt \
php-pear net-snmp net-snmp-utils graphviz subversion mysql-server mysql rrdtool \
fping ImageMagick jwhois nmap ipmitool php-pear.noarch MySQL-python

Ti o ba fẹ lati ṣetọju awọn ẹrọ foju, jọwọ fi sii package 'libvirt'.

# yum install libvirt

Igbesẹ 3: Gbigba Observium

Fun alaye rẹ, Observium ni awọn atẹjade atẹle meji

  1. Agbegbe/Open Source Edition : Ẹda yii wa larọwọto fun igbasilẹ pẹlu awọn ẹya to kere ati awọn atunṣe aabo diẹ.
  2. Alabapin Ṣiṣe alabapin : Atilẹjade yii wa pẹlu awọn ẹya afikun, ẹya iyara/awọn atunṣe, atilẹyin ohun elo ati irọrun lati lo siseto idasilẹ SVN.

Ni ibere lilọ kiri si/jáde taara, nibi a yoo fi sori ẹrọ Observium bi aiyipada. Ti o ba fẹ lati fi sori ẹrọ ni ibomiran, jọwọ yipada awọn ofin ati iṣeto ni ibamu. A daba ọ ni iyanju lati kọkọ labẹ labẹ itọsọna/opt opt. Lọgan ti o ba ṣayẹwo pe ohun gbogbo n ṣiṣẹ ni pipe, o le fi sori ẹrọ ni ipo ti o fẹ.

Ti o ba ni ṣiṣe alabapin Observium ti nṣiṣe lọwọ, o le lo awọn ibi ipamọ SVN lati ṣe igbasilẹ ẹya ti o ṣẹṣẹ julọ. Iwe iforukọsilẹ ṣiṣe ti o wulo nikan fun fifi sori ẹrọ kan ati idanwo meji tabi awọn fifi sori idagbasoke pẹlu awọn abulẹ aabo ojoojumọ, awọn ẹya tuntun ati awọn atunṣe kokoro.

Lati ṣe igbasilẹ iduroṣinṣin to ṣẹṣẹ julọ ati ẹya lọwọlọwọ ti Observium, o nilo lati ni package svn ti a fi sori ẹrọ lori eto, lati le fa awọn faili lati ibi ipamọ SVN.

# yum install svn
# svn co http://svn.observium.org/svn/observium/trunk observium
# svn co http://svn.observium.org/svn/observium/branches/stable observium

A ko ni ṣiṣe alabapin to wulo, Nitorina awa yoo gbiyanju Observium nipa lilo Ẹya Agbegbe/Open Source. Ṣe igbasilẹ ẹya iduroṣinṣin 'observium-community-latest.tar.gz' tuntun ki o si ṣapa bi o ti han.

# cd /opt
# wget http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz
# tar zxvf observium-community-latest.tar.gz

Igbesẹ 4: Ṣiṣẹda aaye data MySQL Observium

Eyi jẹ fifi sori mimọ ti MySQL. Nitorinaa, a yoo ṣeto ọrọigbaniwọle gbongbo tuntun pẹlu iranlọwọ ti pipaṣẹ atẹle.

# service mysqld start
# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yourmysqlpassword'

Bayi buwolu wọle sinu ikarahun mysql ki o ṣẹda ibi ipamọ data Observium tuntun.

# mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE observium;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON observium.* TO 'observium'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'dbpassword';

Igbesẹ 5: Tunto Observium

Ṣiṣatunṣe SELinux lati ṣiṣẹ pẹlu Observium kọja opin ti nkan yii, nitorinaa a ṣe alaabo SELinux. Ti o ba faramọ pẹlu awọn ofin SELinux, lẹhinna o le tunto rẹ, ṣugbọn ko si iṣeduro pe Observium ṣiṣẹ pẹlu SELinux ti nṣiṣe lọwọ. Nitorinaa, mu dara dara julọ. Lati ṣe, ṣii faili '/ ati be be/sysconfig/selinux' ki o yi aṣayan pada lati 'yọọda' si 'alaabo'.

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled

Daakọ faili iṣeto ni aiyipada 'config.php.default' si 'config.php' ki o ṣe atunṣe awọn eto bi o ti han.

# /opt/observium
# cp config.php.default config.php

Bayi ṣii ‘config.php‘ faili ki o tẹ awọn alaye MySQL sii gẹgẹbi orukọ ibi ipamọ data, orukọ olumulo ati ọrọ igbaniwọle.

# vi config.php
// Database config
$config['db_host'] = 'localhost';
$config['db_user'] = 'observium';
$config['db_pass'] = 'dbpassword';
$config['db_name'] = 'observium';

Lẹhinna ṣafikun titẹ sii fun fifin ipo alakomeji si config.php. Ni pinpin RHEL ipo naa yatọ.

$config['fping'] = "/usr/sbin/fping";

Itele, ṣiṣe aṣẹ atẹle lati ṣeto ibi ipamọ data MySQL ki o fi sii eto faili aiyipada data.

# php includes/update/update.php

Igbesẹ 6: Tunto Apache fun Observium

Bayi ṣẹda itọsọna 'rrd' labẹ '/ opt/observium' itọsọna fun titoju RRD's.

# /opt/observium
# mkdir rrd

Nigbamii, fun ni nini nini Apache si itọsọna ‘rrd’ lati kọ ati tọju RRD ni labẹ itọsọna yii.

# chown apache:apache rrd

Ṣẹda itọsọna Gbalejo Foju Afun fun Obervium ni faili ‘/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf’.

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Ṣafikun itọsọna Gbalejo Foju atẹle ni isalẹ faili ki o mu apakan Virtualhost ṣiṣẹ bi o ṣe han ninu sikirinifoto ni isalẹ.

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /opt/observium/html/
  ServerName  observium.domain.com
  CustomLog /opt/observium/logs/access_log combined
  ErrorLog /opt/observium/logs/error_log
  <Directory "/opt/observium/html/">
  AllowOverride All
  Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews
  </Directory>
  </VirtualHost>

Lati ṣetọju awọn iwe akiyesi, ṣẹda ‘awọn iwe akọọlẹ’ fun Apache labẹ ‘/ op/observium’ ki o lo ohun-ini Apache lati kọ awọn iwe-akọọlẹ.

# mkdir /opt/observium/logs
# chown apache:apache /opt/observium/logs

Lẹhin gbogbo awọn eto, tun bẹrẹ iṣẹ Apache.

# service httpd restart

Igbesẹ 7: Ṣẹda Olumulo Abojuto Abojuto

Ṣafikun olumulo akọkọ, fun ipele ti 10 fun abojuto. Rii daju lati rọpo orukọ olumulo ati ọrọ igbaniwọle pẹlu yiyan rẹ.

# cd /opt/observium
# ./adduser.php tecmint tecmint123 10

User tecmint added successfully.

Nigbamii fi Ẹrọ Tuntun kan ṣiṣẹ ati ṣiṣe awọn ofin atẹle lati ṣe agbejade data fun ẹrọ tuntun.

# ./add_device.php <hostname> <community> v2c
# ./discovery.php -h all
# ./poller.php -h all

Nigbamii ṣeto awọn iṣẹ cron, ṣẹda faili tuntun kan '/etc/cron.d/observium' ki o ṣafikun awọn akoonu wọnyi.

33  */6   * * *   root    /opt/observium/discovery.php -h all >> /dev/null 2>&1
*/5 *      * * *   root    /opt/observium/discovery.php -h new >> /dev/null 2>&1
*/5 *      * * *   root    /opt/observium/poller-wrapper.py 1 >> /dev/null 2>&1

Ṣe atunkọ ilana cron lati mu awọn titẹ sii titun.

# /etc/init.d/cron reload

Igbese ikẹhin ni lati ṣafikun httpd ati awọn iṣẹ mysqld eto-jakejado, lati bẹrẹ laifọwọyi lẹhin bata eto.

# chkconfig mysqld on
# chkconfig httpd on

Lakotan, ṣii ẹrọ aṣawakiri ayanfẹ rẹ ki o tọka si http:// Rẹ-Ip-Adirẹsi.

Atẹle ni awọn mimu iboju ti aarin-ọdun 2013 ti o kọja, gba lati oju opo wẹẹbu Observium. Fun iwoye ti ọjọ, jọwọ ṣayẹwo demo laaye.

Ipari

Observium ko tumọ si yọkuro patapata awọn irinṣẹ ibojuwo miiran bii Cacti, ṣugbọn kuku lati ṣafikun wọn pẹlu oye ẹru ti awọn ẹrọ kan. Fun idi eyi, pataki rẹ lati fi ranṣẹ Observium pẹlu Naigos tabi awọn ọna ibojuwo miiran lati pese itaniji ati Cacti lati ṣe agbejade ti ara ẹni ti awọn ẹrọ nẹtiwọọki rẹ.

Awọn ọna asopọ Itọkasi:

  1. Oju-iwe Akọsilẹ Observium
  2. Iwe Akọsilẹ Observium