Bii o ṣe le Ṣiṣe Pinpin Lainos Eyikeyi Taara lati Disiki lile ni Ubuntu Lilo Akojọ aṣyn Grub
Pupọ julọ ṣẹda USB ti o ṣaja.
Ikẹkọ yii yoo ṣojuuṣe lori fifihan ọna kan ti o le ṣiṣe diẹ ninu awọn pinpin Linux ISO taara lati disiki lile rẹ nipasẹ ṣiṣatunkọ Ubuntu 20.04 GRUB2 (ṣiṣẹ lori Ubuntu 18.04 tabi tẹlẹ) eyiti o jẹ agbẹru bata aiyipada ni ọpọlọpọ awọn pinpin Lainos igbalode, eyiti o pese ọna iyara ti lilo Ẹrọ Ṣiṣẹ Linux kan, ati tun ni ipa nla lori aṣiri nitori gbogbo awọn eto rẹ ati awọn akoko igbesi aye ko ni ipamọ nipasẹ aiyipada.
Awọn pinpin ti a gbekalẹ ninu akọle yii ni CentOS, Fedora, Kali Linux ati Gentoo Live DVD.
Ubuntu 20.04 (tabi eyikeyi awọn pinpin kaakiri Linux miiran pẹlu agberu ikojọpọ GRUB2) ti a fi sii lori dirafu lile eto rẹ.
- Ubuntu 20.04 Itọsọna Fifi sori Ojú-iṣẹ Ubuntu
Igbesẹ 1: Ṣe igbasilẹ Awọn faili ISO Live Linux
1. Lati ni anfani bata ati ṣiṣe eyikeyi pinpin Lainos laisi fifi wọn si dirafu lile rẹ, rii daju lati gba igbasilẹ “Live CD/DVD” ti aworan Linux Linux kọọkan.
- Gba lati ayelujara CentOS Live ISO Image
- Ṣe igbasilẹ Fedora Live ISO Image
- Ṣe igbasilẹ Kali Linux Live ISO Image
- Ṣe igbasilẹ Gentoo Linux Live ISO Image
Igbesẹ 2: Ṣafikun Awọn aworan ISO si Akojọ aṣyn GRUB2
2. Lẹhin ti o ti gba ayanfẹ rẹ Linux ISO Live DVD Awọn aworan, ṣii Ubuntu Nautilus pẹlu awọn anfaani gbongbo nipa lilo aṣẹ ' sudo nautilus ' lati Terminal ati ṣẹda itọsọna ti a pe ni live ninu rẹ ọna gbongbo eto ati gbe faili ISO si folda yii.
$ sudo nautilus
3. Lati tẹsiwaju siwaju yoo nilo lati pese Grub2 pẹlu ipin disk wa UUID - Idanimọ Alailẹgbẹ Agbaye (ipin ti awọn faili ISO wa). Lati gba ipin UUID ṣiṣe pipaṣẹ blkid wọnyi.
$ sudo blkid
Fun ipin ti a fi sori ẹrọ laifọwọyi tabi awọn disiki lile lori ṣiṣe ṣiṣe ṣiṣe atẹle aṣẹ ologbo.
$ sudo cat /etc/fstab
4. Ọna miiran lati gba UUID ipin rẹ ni, lati ṣii iwoye grub.cfg akoonu faili ti o wa ni ọna /boot/grub/ ki o wa fun --fs -uuid okun kan (ti o ba jẹ pe o ko ni ipinya ti o ya fun /bata ).
5. Lẹhin ti o gba ipin root rẹ UUID koodu gbe si itọsọna /etc/grub.d/ , ṣii faili 40_custom fun ṣiṣatunkọ ki o fikun atẹle awọn ila ni isale faili yii.
menuentry 'CentOS 8 Live' --class os --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --group group_main {
set isofile="/live/CentOS-8-x86_64-1905-dvd1.iso"
insmod ext2
insmod loopback
insmod iso9660
loopback loop (hd0,msdos1)$isofile
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3b87d941-8ee7-4312-98fc-1f26828d62ab
linux (loop)/isolinux/vmlinuz boot=live fromiso=/dev/sda1/$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=centos
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initrd.img
}
Nibi awọn itọsọna wọnyi ṣe aṣoju:
- ṣeto isofile = Oniyipada kan mu ipo ọna eto ISO dani.
- (hd0, msdos1) = Ipin akọkọ lati disk lile akọkọ (Ninu awọn disiki Lainos ti wa ni nomba ti o bẹrẹ pẹlu 0) - kanna bii/dev/sda1.
- –fs-uuid –set = gbongbo 59036d99-a9bd-4cfb-80ab-93a8d3a92e77 = Ipin akọkọ lati koodu lile UUID akọkọ.
- linux ati initrd = Awọn iṣiro fifa ekuro aṣa - wọn yatọ si da lori gbogbo pinpin Linux.
6. Lẹhin ti o pari ṣiṣatunkọ faili naa, imudojuiwọn-grub lati ṣafikun ISO tuntun (ninu ọran yii CentOS) si akojọ aṣayan Grub2 rẹ. Lati ṣayẹwo rẹ ṣii /boot/grub/grub.cfg ki o wa ni isalẹ fun titẹsi ISO rẹ.
$ sudo update-grub
7. Lati ṣiṣe CentOS Live ISO, tun atunbere kọnputa rẹ, yan titẹsi CentOS lati inu akojọ aṣayan GRUB lẹhinna tẹ bọtini Tẹ .
Ni ọna kanna, o le ṣafikun awọn aworan pinpin Linux Live ISO miiran si akojọ aṣayan GRUB2 bi o ti han. Lẹẹkansi ṣii ati ṣatunkọ faili /etc/grub.d/40_custom grub ati ṣafikun awọn titẹ sii wọnyi.
menuentry 'Fedora Live' --class os --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --group group_main {
set isofile="/live/Fedora-Workstation-Live-x86_64-32-1.6.iso"
insmod ext2
insmod loopback
insmod iso9660
loopback loop (hd0,msdos1)$isofile
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3b87d941-8ee7-4312-98fc-1f26828d62ab
linux (loop)/isolinux/vmlinuz boot=live fromiso=/dev/sda1/$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=fedora
initrd (loop)/isolinux/initrd.img
}
menuentry 'Kali Linux Live' --class os --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --group group_main {
set isofile="/live/kali-linux-2020.2-live-i386.iso"
insmod ext2
insmod loopback
insmod iso9660
loopback loop (hd0,msdos1)$isofile
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3b87d941-8ee7-4312-98fc-1f26828d62ab
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live fromiso=/dev/sda1/$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=kalilinux
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
menuentry 'Gentoo Linux Live' --class os --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --group group_main {
set isofile="/live/livedvd-amd64-multilib-20160704.iso"
insmod ext2
insmod loopback
insmod iso9660
loopback loop (hd0,msdos1)$isofile
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 3b87d941-8ee7-4312-98fc-1f26828d62ab
linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz boot=live fromiso=/dev/sda1/$isofile noconfig=sudo username=root hostname=gentoo
initrd (loop)/live/initrd.img
}
8. Lẹhinna mu imudojuiwọn akojọ aṣayan GRUB rẹ lẹẹkansi, tun atunbere kọmputa rẹ ki o yan ISO pinpin Linux ti o fẹ julọ lati inu akojọ aṣayan GRUB.
$ sudo update-grub
9. Ti o ko ba ni aaye ọfẹ to lori apakan rẹ root , lati gbalejo awọn faili Linux Linux miiran o le ṣafikun disiki lile miiran ati gbe gbogbo awọn faili ISO pinpin Linux rẹ sibẹ. Lẹhin ti o ṣẹda ipin kan ki o ṣafikun eto faili kan gbe e sori ọna /mnt lati jẹ ki o wa.
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
10. Lẹhinna gbe gbogbo ISO sori disiki lile tuntun ki o mu UUID rẹ ni lilo pipaṣẹ blkid .
$ sudo blkid
11. Lẹẹkansi ṣii ati ṣatunkọ /etc/grub.d/40_custom faili grub ki o ṣafikun awọn aworan pinpin Linux Live ISO si akojọ GRUB2 ni lilo ilana kanna ṣugbọn san ifojusi si gbogbo pinpin Awọn iṣiro fifa Live Kernel eyiti o le ṣe ayewo nipa gbigbe aworan ISO pọ nipa lilo oke -o lupu aṣayan tabi kan si awọn oju-iwe Wiki pinpin kaakiri.