Bii o ṣe le Ṣepọ Awọn olupin Wẹẹbu Afun Meji/Awọn oju opo wẹẹbu Lilo Rsync

Ọpọlọpọ awọn itọnisọna ni o wa lori oju opo wẹẹbu lati digi tabi mu afẹyinti ti awọn faili wẹẹbu rẹ pẹlu awọn ọna oriṣiriṣi, nibi Mo n ṣẹda nkan yii fun itọkasi ọjọ iwaju mi ati nibi Emi yoo lo aṣẹ ti o rọrun pupọ ati ibaramu ti Linux lati ṣẹda afẹyinti ti oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ. Itọsọna yii yoo ran ọ lọwọ lati muṣiṣẹpọ data laarin awọn olupin ayelujara rẹ meji pẹlu “Rsync“.

Idi ti ṣiṣẹda digi ti Olupin Wẹẹbu rẹ pẹlu Rsync jẹ ti olupin wẹẹbu akọkọ rẹ ba kuna, olupin afẹyinti rẹ le gba lati dinku akoko asiko ti oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ. Ọna yii ti ṣiṣẹda afẹyinti olupin wẹẹbu dara pupọ ati munadoko fun awọn iṣowo wẹẹbu kekere ati alabọde.

Awọn anfani ti Ṣiṣẹpọ Awọn olupin Ayelujara

Awọn anfani akọkọ ti ṣiṣẹda afẹyinti olupin wẹẹbu pẹlu rsync ni atẹle:

  1. Rsync ṣe amuṣiṣẹpọ awọn baiti wọnyẹn ati awọn bulọọki data ti o ti yipada.
  2. Rsync ni agbara lati ṣayẹwo ati paarẹ awọn faili wọnyẹn ati awọn itọsọna ni olupin afẹyinti ti a ti paarẹ lati olupin wẹẹbu akọkọ.
  3. O n ṣe abojuto awọn igbanilaaye, awọn ohun-ini ati awọn abuda pataki lakoko didakọ data latọna jijin.
  4. O tun ṣe atilẹyin ilana SSH lati gbe data ni ọna ti paroko ki o le ni idaniloju pe gbogbo data ni aabo.
  5. Rsync nlo ifunpọ ati ọna imukuro lakoko gbigbe data eyiti o gba bandiwidi to kere.

Bii o ṣe le Ṣepọ Awọn olupin Wẹẹbu Afun Meji

Jẹ ki a tẹsiwaju pẹlu siseto rsync lati ṣẹda digi kan ti olupin ayelujara rẹ. Nibi, Emi yoo lo awọn olupin meji.

  1. Adirẹsi IP: 192.168.0.100
  2. Orukọ ogun: webserver.example.com

  1. Adirẹsi IP: 192.168.0.101
  2. Orukọ ogun: backup.example.com

Nibi ninu ọran yii data olupin wẹẹbu ti webserver.example.com yoo jẹ digi lori backup.example.com. Ati lati ṣe bẹ ni akọkọ, a nilo lati fi sori ẹrọ Rsync sori olupin mejeeji pẹlu iranlọwọ ti pipaṣẹ atẹle.

 yum install rsync        [On Red Hat based systems]
 apt-get install rsync    [On Debian based systems]

A le ṣeto rsync pẹlu olumulo gbongbo, ṣugbọn fun awọn idi aabo, o le ṣẹda olumulo alailoye lori webserver akọkọ ie webserver.example.com lati ṣiṣẹ rsync.

 useradd tecmint
 passwd tecmint

Nibi Mo ti ṣẹda olumulo “tecmint” ati sọ ọrọ igbaniwọle kan si olumulo.

O to akoko lati ṣe idanwo eto rsync rẹ lori olupin afẹyinti rẹ (ie backup.example.com) ati lati ṣe bẹ, jọwọ tẹ aṣẹ atẹle.

 rsync -avzhe ssh [email :/var/www/ /var/www
[email 's password:

receiving incremental file list
sent 128 bytes  received 32.67K bytes  5.96K bytes/sec
total size is 12.78M  speedup is 389.70

O le rii pe rsync rẹ n ṣiṣẹ ni pipe daradara ati mimuṣiṣẹpọ data. Mo ti lo “/ var/www” lati gbe; o le yi ipo folda pada ni ibamu si awọn aini rẹ.

Bayi, a ti pari pẹlu awọn ipilẹ rsync ati nisisiyi akoko rẹ lati ṣeto cron kan fun rsync. Bi a ṣe nlo rsync pẹlu ilana SSH, ssh yoo beere fun ìfàṣẹsí ati pe ti a ko ba pese ọrọ igbaniwọle kan si cron kii yoo ṣiṣẹ. Lati le ṣiṣẹ cron laisiyonu, a nilo lati ṣeto awọn wiwọle ssh ti ko ni ọrọigbaniwọle fun rsync.

Nibi ni apẹẹrẹ yii, Mo n ṣe bi gbongbo lati ṣetọju awọn oniwun faili pẹlu, o le ṣe fun awọn olumulo miiran paapaa.

Ni akọkọ, a yoo ṣe agbejade bọtini ilu ati ikọkọ pẹlu awọn ofin atẹle lori olupin awọn afẹyinti (ie backup.example.com).

 ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048

Nigbati o ba tẹ aṣẹ yii sii, jọwọ ma ṣe pese ọrọ igbaniwọle ki o tẹ tẹ fun Ọrọigbaniwọle ṣofo ki rsync cron kii yoo nilo ọrọ igbaniwọle eyikeyi fun mimuṣiṣẹpọ data

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
9a:33:a9:5d:f4:e1:41:26:57:d0:9a:68:5b:37:9c:23 [email 
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|          .o.    |
|           ..    |
|        ..++ .   |
|        o=E *    |
|       .Sooo o   |
|       =.o o     |
|      * . o      |
|     o +         |
|    . .          |
+-----------------+

Nisisiyi, a ti ṣẹda bọtini Gbangba ati Aladani wa ati pe a ni lati pin pẹlu olupin akọkọ ki olupin wẹẹbu akọkọ yoo ṣe idanimọ ẹrọ afẹyinti yii ati pe yoo gba laaye lati buwolu wọle lai beere eyikeyi ọrọigbaniwọle lakoko mimuṣiṣẹpọ data.

 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email 

Bayi gbiyanju wíwọlé sinu ẹrọ naa, pẹlu “ssh‘ [imeeli & # 160;

 [email 

Bayi, a ti pari pẹlu awọn bọtini pinpin. Lati mọ diẹ sii ni-jinlẹ nipa iwọle SSH ti o kere si iwọle, o le ka nkan wa lori rẹ.

  1. Wiwọle iwọle Ọrọigbaniwọle SSH wọle ni Awọn igbesẹ Rọrun 5

Jẹ ki a ṣeto cron kan fun eyi. Lati ṣeto cron kan, jọwọ ṣii faili crontab pẹlu aṣẹ atẹle.

 crontab –e

Yoo ṣii/ati be be lo/faili crontab lati satunkọ pẹlu olootu aiyipada rẹ. Nibi Ni apẹẹrẹ yii, Mo nkọwe cron kan lati ṣiṣẹ ni gbogbo iṣẹju 5 lati mu data ṣiṣẹpọ.

*/5        *        *        *        *   rsync -avzhe ssh [email :/var/www/ /var/www/

Cron ti o wa loke ati pipaṣẹ rsync n ṣiṣẹpọ n ṣiṣẹpọ “/ var/www /” lati ọdọ olupin ayelujara akọkọ si olupin afẹyinti ni gbogbo iṣẹju marun 5. O le yipada akoko ati iṣeto ipo folda gẹgẹbi awọn aini rẹ. Lati jẹ ẹda diẹ sii ati ṣe akanṣe pẹlu aṣẹ Rsync ati Cron, o le ṣayẹwo awọn nkan alaye wa ni:

  1. Awọn aṣẹ 10 Rsync si Ṣiṣẹpọ Awọn faili/Awọn folda ni Linux
  2. 11 Awọn apẹẹrẹ Eto iṣeto Cron ni Linux