Ṣẹda Awọn adirẹsi IP lọpọlọpọ si Ọlọpọọmíràn Nẹtiwọọki Kan
Agbekale ti ṣiṣẹda tabi tunto awọn adirẹsi IP pupọ lori wiwo nẹtiwọọki kan ni a pe ni aliali IP. IP aliasing jẹ iwulo pupọ fun siseto awọn aaye foju pupọ lori Apache ni lilo wiwo nẹtiwọọki kan pẹlu awọn adirẹsi IP oriṣiriṣi lori nẹtiwọọki subnet kan.
Anfani akọkọ ti lilo aliali IP yii ni, iwọ ko nilo lati ni ohun ti nmu badọgba ti ara ti o so mọ IP kọọkan, ṣugbọn dipo o le ṣẹda ọpọ tabi ọpọlọpọ awọn atọkun foju (awọn aliasi) si kaadi ara kan.
Awọn itọnisọna ti a fun nihin ni o kan si gbogbo awọn pinpin kaakiri Linux bii Red Hat, Fedora, ati CentOS. Ṣiṣẹda awọn atọkun pupọ ati fi adirẹsi IP si o pẹlu ọwọ jẹ iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti n bẹru. Nibi a yoo rii bi a ṣe le fi adirẹsi IP si i ti n ṣalaye ṣeto ti ibiti IP wa. Tun ni oye bii a yoo ṣe ṣẹda wiwo alailẹgbẹ ati fi ibiti o yatọ si Adirẹsi IP si wiwo ni igbesẹ kan. Ninu nkan yii a lo LAN IP's, nitorinaa rọpo awọn ti o yoo lo.
Ṣiṣẹda Ọlọpọọmídíà Ẹtọ ati Fi Awọn adirẹsi IP lọpọlọpọ
Nibi Mo ni atọkun ti a pe “ifcfg-eth0“, wiwo aiyipada fun ẹrọ Ethernet. Ti o ba ti sopọ mọ Ethernet ẹrọ keji, lẹhinna ẹrọ “ifcfg-eth1” yoo wa ati bẹbẹ lọ fun ẹrọ kọọkan ti o ti so. Awọn faili nẹtiwọọki ẹrọ wọnyi wa ni itọsọna “/ ati be be/sysconfig/awọn iwe afọwọkọ nẹtiwọọki /”. Lilọ kiri si itọsọna naa ki o ṣe “ls -l” lati ṣe atokọ gbogbo awọn ẹrọ.
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ # ls -l
ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-isdn ifup-aliases ifup-plusb init.ipv6-global ifcfg-lo ifdown-post ifup-bnep ifup-post net.hotplug ifdown ifdown-ppp ifup-eth ifup-ppp network-functions ifdown-bnep ifdown-routes ifup-ippp ifup-routes network-functions-ipv6 ifdown-eth ifdown-sit ifup-ipv6 ifup-sit ifdown-ippp ifdown-tunnel ifup-isdn ifup-tunnel ifdown-ipv6 ifup ifup-plip ifup-wireless
Jẹ ki a ro pe a fẹ ṣẹda awọn atokọ foju mẹta afikun lati di awọn adirẹsi IP mẹta (172.16.16.126, 172.16.16.127, ati 172.16.16.128) si NIC. Nitorinaa, a nilo lati ṣẹda awọn faili inagijẹ mẹta ni afikun, lakoko ti “ifcfg-eth0” tọju adirẹsi IP akọkọ kanna. Eyi ni bi a ṣe nlọ siwaju si tito awọn aliasi mẹta lati di awọn adirẹsi IP atẹle.
Adapter IP Address Type ------------------------------------------------- eth0 172.16.16.125 Primary eth0:0 172.16.16.126 Alias 1 eth0:1 172.16.16.127 Alias 2 eth0:2 172.16.16.128 Alias 3
Nibo “: X” jẹ nọmba ẹrọ (wiwo) lati ṣẹda awọn aliasi fun wiwo eth0. Fun inagijẹ kọọkan o gbọdọ fi nọmba leralera. Fun apẹẹrẹ, a daakọ awọn ipilẹ to wa tẹlẹ ti wiwo “ifcfg-eth0” ni awọn atọkun foju ti a pe ni ifcfg-eth0: 0, ifcfg-eth0: 1 ati ifcfg-eth0: 2. Lọ sinu ilana nẹtiwọọki ki o ṣẹda awọn faili bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:0 # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1 # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:2
Ṣii faili kan “ifcfg-eth0” ki o wo awọn akoonu naa.
vi ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR=172.16.16.125 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 GATEWAY=172.16.16.100 HWADDR=00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
Nibi a nilo awọn ipilẹ meji nikan (ẸRỌ ati IPADDR). Nitorinaa, ṣii faili kọọkan pẹlu olootu VI ki o fun lorukọ mii ẸRỌ si inagijẹ ti o baamu ki o yi adirẹsi IPADDR pada. Fun apẹẹrẹ, ṣiṣi awọn faili “ifcfg-eth0: 0“, “ifcfg-eth0: 1” ati “ifcfg-eth0: 2” ni lilo olootu VI ki o yi awọn ipele mejeeji pada. Lakotan yoo dabi iru si isalẹ.
DEVICE="eth0:0" BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR=172.16.16.126 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 GATEWAY=172.16.16.100 HWADDR=00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
DEVICE="eth0:1" BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR=172.16.16.127 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 GATEWAY=172.16.16.100 HWADDR=00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
DEVICE="eth0:2" BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR=172.16.16.128 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 GATEWAY=172.16.16.100 HWADDR=00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
Ni ẹẹkan, o ti ṣe gbogbo awọn ayipada, ṣafipamọ gbogbo awọn ayipada rẹ ki o tun bẹrẹ/bẹrẹ iṣẹ nẹtiwọọki fun awọn ayipada lati fi irisi.
/etc/init.d/network restart
Lati ṣayẹwo gbogbo awọn inagijẹ (wiwo foju) wa ni ṣiṣe ati ṣiṣe, o le lo aṣẹ “ip”.
ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.125 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe28:fd4c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:237 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:198 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:25429 (24.8 KiB) TX bytes:26910 (26.2 KiB)
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.126 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.127 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.128 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000Ping ọkọọkan wọn lati oriṣiriṣi ẹrọ. Ti ohun gbogbo ba ṣeto daradara, iwọ yoo gba idahun ping lati ọkọọkan wọn.
ping 172.16.16.126 ping 172.16.16.127 ping 172.16.16.128
ping 172.16.16.126 PING 172.16.16.126 (172.16.16.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.16.126: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.126: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.126: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.159 ms --- 172.16.16.126 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.159/0.552/1.332/0.551 ms ping 172.16.16.127 PING 172.16.16.127 (172.16.16.127) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.16.127: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.127: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.127: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.159 ms --- 172.16.16.127 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.159/0.552/1.332/0.551 ms ping 172.16.16.128 PING 172.16.16.128 (172.16.16.128) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.16.128: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.128: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.16.128: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.159 ms --- 172.16.16.128 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.159/0.552/1.332/0.551 ms
O dabi pe ohun gbogbo n ṣiṣẹ ni irọrun, Pẹlu awọn IPs tuntun wọnyi 'o le ṣeto awọn aaye foju ni Apache, Awọn iroyin FTP ati ọpọlọpọ awọn ohun miiran.
Fi ọpọlọpọ Adirẹsi IP Pipin
Ti o ba fẹ lati ṣẹda ibiti Awọn Adirẹsi IP lọpọlọpọ si ni wiwo pato ti a pe ni “ifcfg-eth0“, a lo “ifcfg-eth0-range0” ati daakọ awọn ifcfg-eth0 ti o wa lori rẹ bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp -p ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0-range0
Bayi ṣii faili “ifcfg-eth0-range0” ki o ṣafikun “IPADDR_START” ati ibiti adiresi IP “IPADDR_END” bi a ti han ni isalẹ.
vi ifcfg-eth0-range0 #DEVICE="eth0" #BOOTPROTO=none #NM_CONTROLLED="yes" #ONBOOT=yes TYPE="Ethernet" IPADDR_START=172.16.16.126 IPADDR_END=172.16.16.130 IPV6INIT=no #GATEWAY=172.16.16.100
Fipamọ ki o tun bẹrẹ/bẹrẹ iṣẹ nẹtiwọọki
/etc/init.d/network restart
Daju pe a ti ṣẹda awọn atọkun foju pẹlu Adirẹsi IP.
ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.125 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe28:fd4c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1385 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1249 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:127317 (124.3 KiB) TX bytes:200787 (196.0 KiB)
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.126 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.127 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.128 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.129 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000
eth0:4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:28:FD:4C
inet addr:172.16.16.130 Bcast:172.16.16.100 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000Ti o ba ni wahala eyikeyi ninu siseto, jọwọ ma firanṣẹ awọn ibeere rẹ ni apakan asọye.