20 Awọn aṣẹ MySQL (Mysqladmin) fun Isakoso data ni Linux
mysqladmin jẹ iwulo laini aṣẹ ti o wa pẹlu olupin MySQL ati pe o jẹ lilo nipasẹ Awọn Alabojuto aaye data lati ṣe diẹ ninu awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe MySQL ni rọọrun bii tito ọrọigbaniwọle gbongbo, yiyipada ọrọ igbaniwọle root, mimojuto awọn ilana mysql, gbigba awọn anfani pada, ṣayẹwo ipo olupin ati bẹbẹ lọ.
Ninu àpilẹkọ yii a ti ṣajọ diẹ ninu iwulo ‘mysqladmin’ ti o wulo pupọ ti o lo nipasẹ awọn alakoso eto/ibi ipamọ data ninu iṣẹ ojoojumọ wọn. O gbọdọ fi olupin MySQL sori ẹrọ rẹ lati ṣe awọn iṣẹ wọnyi.
Ti o ko ba ni olupin MySQL ti fi sori ẹrọ tabi o nlo ẹya ti atijọ ti olupin MySQL, lẹhinna a ṣeduro gbogbo rẹ lati fi sori ẹrọ tabi mu ẹya rẹ pọ nipasẹ titẹle nkan wa ni isalẹ.
- Fifi sori ẹrọ ti olupin MySQL 5.5.28 lori RHEL/CentOS/Fedora
1. Bawo ni lati ṣeto ọrọigbaniwọle Root MySQL?
Ti o ba ni fifi sori tuntun ti olupin MySQL, lẹhinna ko nilo eyikeyi ọrọigbaniwọle lati sopọ mọ bi olumulo olumulo. Lati ṣeto ọrọ igbaniwọle MySQL fun olumulo olumulo, lo aṣẹ atẹle.
# mysqladmin -u root password YOURNEWPASSWORD
2. Bii o ṣe le Yi ọrọ igbaniwọle Gbongbo MySQL pada?
Ti o ba fẹ lati yipada tabi mu igbaniwọle igbaniwọle MySQL wa, lẹhinna o nilo lati tẹ aṣẹ wọnyi. Fun apẹẹrẹ, sọ ọrọ igbaniwọle atijọ rẹ jẹ 123456 ati pe o fẹ yipada pẹlu ọrọ igbaniwọle tuntun sọ xyz123.
mysqladmin -u root -p123456 password 'xyz123'
3. Bii o ṣe le ṣayẹwo MySQL Server n ṣiṣẹ?
Lati wa boya olupin MySQL wa ni oke ati ṣiṣe, lo aṣẹ atẹle.
# mysqladmin -u root -p ping Enter password: mysqld is alive
4. Bawo ni lati Ṣayẹwo iru ẹya MySQL ti Mo n ṣiṣẹ?
Atẹle atẹle n fihan ẹya MySQL pẹlu ipo ṣiṣiṣẹ lọwọlọwọ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p version Enter password: mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.28, for Linux on i686 Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Server version 5.5.28 Protocol version 10 Connection Localhost via UNIX socket UNIX socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock Uptime: 7 days 14 min 45 sec Threads: 2 Questions: 36002 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.059
5. Bii o ṣe le Wa Ipo lọwọlọwọ ti olupin MySQL?
Lati wa ipo lọwọlọwọ ti olupin MySQL, lo aṣẹ atẹle. Aṣẹ mysqladmin fihan ipo ti akoko pẹlu awọn okun ṣiṣe ati awọn ibeere.
# mysqladmin -u root -ptmppassword status Enter password: Uptime: 606704 Threads: 2 Questions: 36003 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.059
6. Bii o ṣe le ṣayẹwo ipo gbogbo MySQL Server ayípadà ati iye?
Lati ṣayẹwo gbogbo ipo ti nṣiṣẹ ti awọn oniyipada olupin MySQL ati awọn iye, tẹ aṣẹ atẹle. Ijade yoo jẹ iru si isalẹ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p extended-status Enter password: +------------------------------------------+-------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------------------------+-------------+ | Aborted_clients | 3 | | Aborted_connects | 3 | | Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 | | Binlog_cache_use | 0 | | Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use | 0 | | Binlog_stmt_cache_use | 0 | | Bytes_received | 6400357 | | Bytes_sent | 2610105 | | Com_admin_commands | 3 | | Com_assign_to_keycache | 0 | | Com_alter_db | 0 | | Com_alter_db_upgrade | 0 | | Com_alter_event | 0 | | Com_alter_function | 0 | | Com_alter_procedure | 0 | | Com_alter_server | 0 | | Com_alter_table | 0 | | Com_alter_tablespace | 0 | +------------------------------------------+-------------+
7. Bii a ṣe le rii gbogbo olupin MySQL Awọn oniyipada ati Iye?
Lati wo gbogbo awọn oniye ti n ṣiṣẹ ati awọn iye ti olupin MySQL, lo aṣẹ bi atẹle.
# mysqladmin -u root -p variables Enter password: +---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+ | auto_increment_increment | 1 | | auto_increment_offset | 1 | | autocommit | ON | | automatic_sp_privileges | ON | | back_log | 50 | | basedir | /usr | | big_tables | OFF | | binlog_cache_size | 32768 | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | binlog_format | STATEMENT | | binlog_stmt_cache_size | 32768 | | bulk_insert_buffer_size | 8388608 | | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | | collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | +---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
8. Bii o ṣe le ṣayẹwo gbogbo Ilana ti nṣiṣẹ ti olupin MySQL?
Atẹle wọnyi yoo han gbogbo ilana ṣiṣe ti awọn ibeere data data MySQL.
# mysqladmin -u root -p processlist Enter password: +-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | 18001 | rsyslog | localhost:38307 | rsyslog | Sleep | 5590 | | | | 18020 | root | localhost | | Query | 0 | | show processlist | +-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
9. Bii o ṣe ṣẹda aaye data ninu olupin MySQL?
Lati ṣẹda ibi ipamọ data tuntun ninu olupin MySQL, lo aṣẹ bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p create databasename Enter password:
# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 18027 Server version: 5.5.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | databasename | | mysql | | test | +--------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
10. Bii o ṣe le sọ Database silẹ ni olupin MySQL?
Lati fi aaye data silẹ ninu olupin MySQL, lo aṣẹ atẹle. A yoo beere lọwọ rẹ lati jẹrisi tẹ ‘y‘.
# mysqladmin -u root -p drop databasename Enter password: Dropping the database is potentially a very bad thing to do. Any data stored in the database will be destroyed. Do you really want to drop the 'databasename' database [y/N] y Database "databasename" dropped
11. Bii o ṣe le ṣe atunṣe/tun sọ Awọn ẹtọ MySQL?
Atilẹyin igbasilẹ tun sọ fun olupin lati tun gbe awọn tabili ẹbun naa. Aṣẹ imularada n ṣan gbogbo awọn tabili ki o tun ṣii awọn faili log.
# mysqladmin -u root -p reload; # mysqladmin -u root -p refresh
12. Bii o ṣe le tiipa olupin MySQL lailewu?
Lati tiipa olupin MySQL kuro lailewu, tẹ iru aṣẹ wọnyi.
mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown Enter password:
O tun le lo awọn ofin wọnyi lati bẹrẹ/da olupin MySQL duro.
# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop # /etc/init.d/mysqld start
13. Diẹ ninu awọn iwulo MySQL Flush wulo
Atẹle ni diẹ ninu awọn ofin danu ti o wulo pẹlu apejuwe wọn.
- danu-awọn agbalejo: Fọ gbogbo alaye agbalejo lati ibi ipamọ alejo.
- awọn tabili fifọ: Fọ gbogbo awọn tabili.
- danu-awọn okun: Fọ gbogbo kaṣe kaṣe.
- ṣan-awọn àkọọlẹ: Fọ gbogbo awọn iwe alaye.
- awọn anfani-danu: Tun gbe awọn tabili ẹbun pada (bakanna bi tun gbee).
- ipo fifọ: Ko awọn oniyipada ipo kuro.
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-hosts # mysqladmin -u root -p flush-tables # mysqladmin -u root -p flush-threads # mysqladmin -u root -p flush-logs # mysqladmin -u root -p flush-privileges # mysqladmin -u root -p flush-status
14. Bii o ṣe le pa Ilana Onibara MySQL sisun?
Lo aṣẹ atẹle lati ṣe idanimọ ilana alabara MySQL sisun.
# mysqladmin -u root -p processlist Enter password: +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | 5 | root | localhost | | Sleep | 14 | | | | 8 | root | localhost | | Query | 0 | | show processlist | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
Bayi, ṣiṣe aṣẹ atẹle pẹlu pipa ati ID ilana bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p kill 5 Enter password: +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | 12 | root | localhost | | Query | 0 | | show processlist | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
Ti o ba fẹ lati pa ilana pupọ, lẹhinna kọja awọn ID ID pẹlu aami-ipin ti o ya bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p kill 5,10
15. Bii o ṣe le ṣiṣe awọn aṣẹ mysqladmin pupọ pọ?
Ti o ba fẹ lati ṣiṣẹ ọpọ 'mysqladmin' awọn pipaṣẹ papọ, lẹhinna aṣẹ naa yoo dabi eleyi.
# mysqladmin -u root -p processlist status version Enter password: +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ | 8 | root | localhost | | Query | 0 | | show processlist | +----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+ Uptime: 3801 Threads: 1 Questions: 15 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.003 mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.28, for Linux on i686 Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Server version 5.5.28 Protocol version 10 Connection Localhost via UNIX socket UNIX socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock Uptime: 1 hour 3 min 21 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 15 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.003
16. Bii o ṣe le sopọ olupin olupin MySQL latọna jijin
Lati sopọ mọ olupin MySQL latọna jijin, lo -h (ogun) pẹlu Adirẹsi IP ti ẹrọ latọna jijin.
# mysqladmin -h 172.16.25.126 -u root -p
17. Bii o ṣe le ṣe pipaṣẹ lori olupin MySQL latọna jijin
Jẹ ki a sọ pe iwọ yoo fẹ lati wo ipo ti olupin MySQL latọna jijin, lẹhinna aṣẹ yoo jẹ.
# mysqladmin -h 172.16.25.126 -u root -p status
18. Bii o ṣe le bẹrẹ/da atunse MySQL sori olupin ẹrú?
Lati bẹrẹ/da atunṣe MySQL lori olupin salve, lo awọn ofin wọnyi.
# mysqladmin -u root -p start-slave
# mysqladmin -u root -p stop-slave
19. Bawo ni lati tọju Alaye N ṣatunṣe aṣiṣe MySQL olupin si awọn àkọọlẹ?
O sọ fun olupin lati kọ alaye n ṣatunṣe aṣiṣe nipa awọn titiipa ni lilo, iranti ti a lo ati lilo ibeere si faili log MySQL pẹlu alaye nipa oluṣeto iṣẹlẹ.
# mysqladmin -u root -p debug Enter password:
20. Bii o ṣe le wo awọn aṣayan mysqladmin ati lilo
Lati wa awọn aṣayan diẹ sii ati lilo pipaṣẹ myslqadmin lo pipaṣẹ iranlọwọ bi o ṣe han ni isalẹ. Yoo han akojọ kan ti awọn aṣayan to wa.
# mysqladmin --help
A ti gbiyanju gbogbo wa lati ṣafikun gbogbo awọn aṣẹ ‘mysqladmin’ pẹlu awọn apẹẹrẹ wọn ninu nkan yii, Ti o ba tun ṣe, a ti padanu ohunkohun, jọwọ jẹ ki a mọ nipasẹ awọn asọye ki o maṣe gbagbe lati pin pẹlu awọn ọrẹ rẹ.