Bii o ṣe le Dabobo GRUB pẹlu Ọrọigbaniwọle ni RHEL/CentOS/Fedora Linux

Bootloader Iṣọkan GRand (GRUB) jẹ bootloader aiyipada ni gbogbo ẹrọ ṣiṣe bii Unix. Gẹgẹbi a ti ṣe ileri ninu nkan iṣaaju wa “Bii o ṣe le tunto ọrọ igbaniwọle igbagbe kan ti o gbagbe“, nibi a yoo ṣe atunyẹwo bii a ṣe le daabobo GRUB pẹlu ọrọ igbaniwọle. Gẹgẹbi a ti sọ tẹlẹ ifiweranṣẹ, ẹnikẹni le buwolu wọle sinu ipo olumulo nikan ati pe o le yipada eto eto bi o ti nilo. Eyi ni sisan aabo nla. Nitorinaa, lati yago fun iru eniyan laigba aṣẹ lati wọle si eto a le nilo lati ni ibinu pẹlu idaabobo ọrọ igbaniwọle.

Nibi, a yoo rii bi a ṣe le ṣe idiwọ olumulo lati titẹ si ipo olumulo kan ati yiyipada awọn eto ti eto ti o le ni taara tabi iraye si ti eto.

Ṣọra: A rọ ọ lati mu afẹyinti data rẹ ki o gbiyanju ni eewu tirẹ.

Bii a ṣe le Daabobo GRUB

Igbesẹ 1: Ṣẹda ọrọ igbaniwọle kan fun GRUB, jẹ olumulo gbongbo kan ati ṣiṣi aṣẹ aṣẹ ṣii, tẹ ni isalẹ aṣẹ. Nigbati o ba ṣetan iru ọrọ igbaniwọle grub lẹẹmeji ki o tẹ tẹ. Eyi yoo pada si ọrọ igbaniwọle elile MD5. Jọwọ daakọ tabi akiyesi si isalẹ.

  grub-md5-crypt

 grub-md5-crypt
Password: 
Retype password: 
$1$19oD/1$NklcucLPshZVoo5LvUYEp1

Igbese 2: Bayi o nilo lati ṣii /boot/grub/menu.lst tabi /boot/grub/grub.conf faili ki o fi ọrọigbaniwọle MD5 kun. Awọn faili mejeeji jẹ kanna ati ọna asopọ aami si ara wọn.

 vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

OR

 vi /boot/grub/grub.conf

Akiyesi: Mo gba ọ nimọran lati mu afẹyinti awọn faili ṣaaju ṣiṣe eyikeyi awọn ayipada si rẹ, ti o ba jẹ pe nkan ba lọ ni aṣiṣe o le yi i pada.

Igbesẹ 3: Ṣafikun ọrọigbaniwọle MD5 tuntun ti a ṣẹda ni faili iṣeto GRUB. Jọwọ lẹẹ mọ ọrọ igbaniwọle ti a daakọ ni isalẹ akoko ipari akoko ki o fipamọ ki o jade. Fun apẹẹrẹ, Tẹ ọrọ igbaniwọle laini sii -md5 <ṣafikun okun md5 ti a dakọ lati igbesẹ 1> loke.

# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE:  You have a /boot partition.  This means that
#          all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
#          root (hd0,0)
#          kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda3
#          initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
password --md5 $1$TNUb/1$TwroGJn4eCd4xsYeGiBYq.
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.32-279.5.2.el6.i686)
        root (hd0,0)
        kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.5.2.el6.i686 ro root=UUID=d06b9517-8bb3-44db-b8c5-7710e183edb7 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet
        initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-279.5.2.el6.i686.img
title centos (2.6.32-71.el6.i686)
        root (hd0,0)
        kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-71.el6.i686 ro root=UUID=d06b9517-8bb3-44db-b8c5-7710e183edb7 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet
        initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-71.el6.i686.img

Igbesẹ 4: Atunbere eto ati gbiyanju titẹ ‘p’ lati tẹ ọrọ igbaniwọle sii lati ṣii ati mu awọn ẹya atẹle ṣiṣẹ.

Eyi ni bi a ṣe le ṣe idaabobo GRUB pẹlu ọrọ igbaniwọle. Jẹ ki a mọ bawo ni o ṣe ni aabo eto rẹ? nipasẹ awọn asọye.

Jọwọ ṣabẹwo si awọn oju-iwe itọnisọna ọwọ ori ayelujara ti grub aabo fun alaye diẹ sii ni Aabo GRUB.