10 Wget (Oluṣakoso faili Lainos) Awọn Aṣẹ Aṣẹ ni Lainos


Ni ipo yii a yoo ṣe atunyẹwo iwulo ohun elo wget eyiti o gba awọn faili lati World Wide Web (WWW) ni lilo awọn ilana ti a lo ni ibigbogbo bi HTTP, HTTPS ati FTP. IwUlO Wget jẹ package larọwọto ati iwe-aṣẹ wa labẹ Iwe-aṣẹ GNU GPL. IwUlO yii le jẹ fifi sori ẹrọ eyikeyi Eto Isẹ Unix pẹlu Windows ati MAC OS. O jẹ ọpa laini aṣẹ ti kii ṣe ibaraenisọrọ. Ẹya akọkọ ti Wget ti o ni agbara. O jẹ apẹrẹ ni iru ọna ki o le ṣiṣẹ ni awọn ọna asopọ lọra tabi riru. Wget laifọwọyi bẹrẹ gbigba lati ayelujara nibiti o ti fi silẹ ni ọran ti iṣoro nẹtiwọọki. Tun awọn faili lati ayelujara recursively. Yoo ma gbiyanju titi ti faili yoo fi gba pada patapata.

Ni akọkọ, ṣayẹwo boya a ti fi ohun elo wget sori ẹrọ tẹlẹ tabi rara ninu apoti Linux rẹ, ni lilo pipaṣẹ atẹle.

# rpm -qa wget

wget-1.12-1.4.el6.i686

Jọwọ fi sii nipa lilo pipaṣẹ YUM ni idi ti wget ko ba fi sii tẹlẹ tabi o tun le ṣe igbasilẹ package alakomeji ni http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/.

# yum -y install wget

Aṣayan -y ti a lo nibi, ni lati yago fun iyara ijẹrisi ṣaaju fifi eyikeyi package sii. Fun awọn apẹẹrẹ aṣẹ YUM diẹ sii ati awọn aṣayan ka nkan naa lori 20 Awọn apẹẹrẹ Aṣẹ YUM fun Iṣakoso Iṣakojọpọ Lainos.

1. Igbasilẹ faili kanṣoṣo

Aṣẹ yoo gba faili kan ṣoṣo ati awọn ile itaja sinu itọsọna lọwọlọwọ. O tun fihan ilọsiwaju ilọsiwaju, iwọn, ọjọ ati akoko lakoko gbigba lati ayelujara.

# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz

--2012-10-02 11:28:30--  http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz
Resolving ftp.gnu.org... 208.118.235.20, 2001:4830:134:3::b
Connecting to ftp.gnu.org|208.118.235.20|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 446966 (436K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: wget-1.5.3.tar.gz
100%[===================================================================================>] 446,966     60.0K/s   in 7.4s
2012-10-02 11:28:38 (58.9 KB/s) - wget-1.5.3.tar.gz

2. Download faili pẹlu oriṣiriṣi orukọ

Lilo -O (oke nla) aṣayan, faili awọn faili pẹlu orukọ faili oriṣiriṣi. Nibi a ti fun orukọ faili wget.zip bi ifihan ni isalẹ.

# wget -O wget.zip http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz

--2012-10-02 11:55:54--  http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz
Resolving ftp.gnu.org... 208.118.235.20, 2001:4830:134:3::b
Connecting to ftp.gnu.org|208.118.235.20|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 446966 (436K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: wget.zip
100%[===================================================================================>] 446,966     60.0K/s   in 7.5s
2012-10-02 11:56:02 (58.5 KB/s) - wget.zip

3. Ṣe igbasilẹ faili pupọ pẹlu http ati ilana ilana ftp

Nibi a rii bi a ṣe le ṣe igbasilẹ awọn faili pupọ ni lilo HTTP ati ilana FTP pẹlu aṣẹ wget ni awọn kan.

# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig

--2012-10-02 12:11:16--  http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz
Resolving ftp.gnu.org... 208.118.235.20, 2001:4830:134:3::b
Connecting to ftp.gnu.org|208.118.235.20|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 446966 (436K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: wget-1.5.3.tar.gz

100%[===================================================================================>] 446,966     56.7K/s   in 7.6s

2012-10-02 12:11:29 (57.1 KB/s) - wget-1.5.3.tar.gz

--2012-10-02 12:11:29--  ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig
           => wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig

Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
==> SYST ... done.    ==> PWD ... done.
==> TYPE I ... done.  ==> CWD (1) /gnu/wget ... done.
==> SIZE wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig ... 65
==> PASV ... done.    ==> RETR wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig ... done.
Length: 65 (unauthoritative)

100%[===================================================================================>] 65          --.-K/s   in 0s

2012-10-02 12:11:33 (2.66 MB/s) - wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig

FINISHED --2012-10-02 12:11:33--
Downloaded: 2 files, 437K in 7.6s (57.1 KB/s)

4. Ka URL lati inu faili kan

O le tọju nọmba URL ti o wa ninu faili ọrọ ki o ṣe igbasilẹ wọn pẹlu -i aṣayan. Ni isalẹ a ti ṣẹda tmp.txt labẹ itọnisọna wget nibi ti a ti fi lẹsẹsẹ ti URL ká lati ṣe igbasilẹ.

# wget -i /wget/tmp.txt

--2012-10-02 12:34:12--  http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.5.3.tar.gz ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig
Resolving ftp.gnu.org... 208.118.235.20, 2001:4830:134:3::b
Connecting to ftp.gnu.org|208.118.235.20|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 446966 (436K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig

100%[===================================================================================>] 446,966     35.0K/s   in 10s

2012-10-02 12:34:23 (42.7 KB/s) - wget-1.10.1.tar.gz.sig

--2012-10-02 12:34:23--  http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
Resolving mirrors.hns.net.in... 111.91.91.34, 2401:4800::111:91:91:34
Connecting to mirrors.hns.net.in|111.91.91.34|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1761607680 (1.6G) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso

 45%[==========================================                                          ] 1,262,000   51.6K/s  eta 8h 17m

5. Pada gbigba lati ayelujara ti ko pari

Ni ọran ti gbigba faili nla, o le ṣẹlẹ nigbakan lati da gbigba lati ayelujara silẹ ni ọran yẹn a le tun bẹrẹ igbasilẹ faili kanna nibiti o ti fi silẹ pẹlu aṣayan -c. Ṣugbọn nigbati o ba bẹrẹ faili igbasilẹ laisi sọ asọye -c aṣayan wget yoo ṣafikun .1 itẹsiwaju ni opin faili, ni imọran bi igbasilẹ tuntun. Nitorina, o jẹ iṣe ti o dara lati ṣafikun -c yipada nigbati o gba awọn faili nla lati ayelujara.

# wget -c http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso

--2012-10-02 12:46:57--  http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
Resolving mirrors.hns.net.in... 111.91.91.34, 2401:4800::111:91:91:34
Connecting to mirrors.hns.net.in|111.91.91.34|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial Content
Length: 1761607680 (1.6G), 1758132697 (1.6G) remaining [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso

 51% [=================================================                                  ] 3,877,262   47.0K/s  eta 10h 27m ^

6. Ṣe igbasilẹ faili pẹlu apẹrẹ .1 ni orukọ faili

Nigbati o ba bẹrẹ gbigba lati ayelujara laisi -c aṣayan wget fi kun .1 ni opin faili ki o bẹrẹ pẹlu igbasilẹ tuntun. Ti .1 ba wa tẹlẹ .2 fikun ni ipari faili naa.

# wget http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso

--2012-10-02 12:50:49--  http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
Resolving mirrors.hns.net.in... 111.91.91.34, 2401:4800::111:91:91:34
Connecting to mirrors.hns.net.in|111.91.91.34|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1761607680 (1.6G) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso.1

 18% [==================                                                                 ] 172,436     59.2K/s   

Wo awọn faili apẹẹrẹ pẹlu ifaagun itẹsiwaju .1 ni ipari faili naa.

# ls -l CentOS*

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3877262 Oct  2 12:47 CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  181004 Oct  2 12:50 CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso.1

7. Ṣe igbasilẹ awọn faili ni abẹlẹ

Pẹlu aṣayan -b o le fi igbasilẹ ranṣẹ ni abẹlẹ lẹsẹkẹsẹ lẹhin ibẹrẹ gbigba lati ayelujara ati awọn akọọlẹ ti kọ sinu faili /wget/log.txt.

# wget -b /wget/log.txt ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/debian/debian-cd/6.0.5/i386/iso-dvd/debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso

Continuing in background, pid 3550.

8. Ni ihamọ awọn ifilelẹ iyara gbigba lati ayelujara

Pẹlu Aṣayan -limit-oṣuwọn = 100k, opin iyara igbasilẹ lati ni ihamọ si 100k ati pe awọn akọọlẹ yoo ṣẹda labẹ /wget/log.txt bi o ṣe han ni isalẹ.

# wget -c --limit-rate=100k  /wget/log.txt ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/debian/debian-cd/6.0.5/i386/iso-dvd/debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso

/wget/log.txt: Scheme missing.
--2012-10-02 13:16:21--  ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/debian/debian-cd/6.0.5/i386/iso-dvd/debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso
           => debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso
esolving ftp.iinet.net.au... 203.0.178.32
Connecting to ftp.iinet.net.au|203.0.178.32|:21... connected.
Logging in as anonymous ... Logged in!
==> SYST ... done.    ==> PWD ... done.
==> TYPE I ... done.  ==> CWD (1) /debian/debian-cd/6.0.5/i386/iso-dvd ... done.
==> SIZE debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso ... 4691312640
==> PASV ... done.    ==> REST 2825236 ... done.
==> RETR debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso ... done.
Length: 4688487404 (4.4G), 4685662168 (4.4G) remaining (unauthoritative)

 0% [                                                                                    ] 3,372,160   35.5K/s  eta 28h 39m

9. Awọn gbigba FTP ati ihamọ HTTP ni ihamọ pẹlu orukọ olumulo ati ọrọ igbaniwọle

Pẹlu Awọn aṣayan –http-user = orukọ olumulo, –http-password = ọrọigbaniwọle & –ftp-user = orukọ olumulo, –ftp-password = ọrọ igbaniwọle, o le ṣe igbasilẹ ọrọ ihamọ HTTP tabi awọn aaye FTP ti o ni ihamọ ọrọigbaniwọle bi o ti han ni isalẹ.

# wget --http-user=narad --http-password=password http://mirrors.hns.net.in/centos/6.3/isos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso
# wget --ftp-user=narad --ftp-password=password ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/debian/debian-cd/6.0.5/i386/iso-dvd/debian-6.0.5-i386-DVD-1.iso

10. Wa ikede wget ati iranlọwọ

Pẹlu Awọn aṣayan –version ati –iranlọwọ o le wo ẹya ati iranlọwọ bi o ṣe nilo.

# wget --version

# wget --help

Ninu nkan yii a ti bo Linux wget aṣẹ pẹlu awọn aṣayan fun iṣẹ-ṣiṣe iṣakoso ojoojumọ. Ṣe eniyan wget ti o ba fẹ lati mọ diẹ sii nipa rẹ. Fi ọwọ ṣe alabapin nipasẹ apoti asọye wa tabi ti a ba padanu ohunkohun, jẹ ki a mọ.