13 Awọn Apejuwe Ofin Akọbẹrẹ Cat ni Linux

Ologbo (kukuru fun “concatenate“) pipaṣẹ jẹ ọkan ninu aṣẹ ti a nlo nigbagbogbo ni Linux/Unix bii awọn ọna ṣiṣe. aṣẹ ologbo gba wa laaye lati ṣẹda ẹyọkan tabi ọpọ awọn faili, wiwo ti o ni ninu faili, awọn faili concatenate ati ṣiṣe atunṣe ni ebute tabi awọn faili. Ninu àpilẹkọ yii, a yoo wa lilo ọwọ ti awọn aṣẹ ologbo pẹlu awọn apẹẹrẹ wọn ni Lainos.

cat [OPTION] [FILE]...

Ninu apẹẹrẹ ti o wa ni isalẹ, yoo fihan awọn akoonu ti/ati be be lo/faili passwd.

# cat /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
narad:x:500:500::/home/narad:/bin/bash

Ni apẹẹrẹ ni isalẹ, yoo ṣe afihan awọn akoonu ti idanwo ati faili test1 ni ebute.

# cat test test1

Hello everybody
Hi world,

A yoo ṣẹda faili kan ti a pe ni faili test2 pẹlu aṣẹ isalẹ.

# cat >test2

N duro de ifitonileti lati ọdọ olumulo, tẹ ọrọ ti o fẹ ki o tẹ CTRL + D (mu bọtini Ctrl mọlẹ ki o tẹ ‘d‘) lati jade. A yoo kọ ọrọ naa ni faili idanwo2. O le wo akoonu ti faili pẹlu atẹle pipa ologbo.

# cat test2

hello everyone, how do you do?

Ti faili ti o ni nọmba nla ti akoonu ti kii yoo baamu ni ebute o wu ati ti yiyi iboju soke ni iyara pupọ, a le lo awọn ipele diẹ sii ati kere si pẹlu aṣẹ ologbo bi ifihan loke.

# cat song.txt | more
# cat song.txt | less

Pẹlu -n aṣayan o le wo awọn nọmba laini ti faili.txt faili ninu ebute o wu.

# cat -n song.txt

1  "Heal The World"
2  There's A Place In
3  Your Heart
4  And I Know That It Is Love
5  And This Place Could
6  Be Much
7  Brighter Than Tomorrow
8  And If You Really Try
9  You'll Find There's No Need
10  To Cry
11  In This Place You'll Feel
12  There's No Hurt Or Sorrow

Ni isalẹ, o le rii pẹlu -e aṣayan pe ‘$’ n fihan ni opin ila ati tun ni aaye ti o nfihan ‘$‘ ti eyikeyi aafo ba wa laarin awọn paragirafi. Awọn aṣayan yii wulo lati fun pọ awọn ila pupọ ni laini kan.

# cat -e test

hello everyone, how do you do?$
$
Hey, am fine.$
How's your training going on?$
$

Ninu iṣẹjade ti o wa ni isalẹ, a le rii pe aaye TAB ti kun pẹlu ohun kikọ '^I'.

# cat -T test

hello ^Ieveryone, how do you do?

Hey, ^Iam fine.
^I^IHow's your training ^Igoing on?
Let's do ^Isome practice in Linux.

Ninu apẹẹrẹ ti o wa ni isalẹ a ni idanwo awọn faili mẹta, test1 ati test2 ati anfani lati wo awọn akoonu ti faili wọnyẹn bi a ti han loke. A nilo lati ya faili kọọkan pẹlu; (ologbele ologbele).

# cat test; cat test1; cat test2

This is test file
This is test1 file.
This is test2 file.

A le ṣe atunṣe iṣiṣẹ boṣewa ti faili kan sinu faili tuntun miiran faili to wa tẹlẹ pẹlu aami ‘>‘ (ti o tobi ju) lọ. Ṣọra, awọn akoonu ti o wa tẹlẹ ti idanwo1 yoo jẹ atunkọ nipasẹ awọn akoonu ti faili idanwo.

# cat test > test1

Afikun ni faili to wa pẹlu aami ‘>>‘ (ilọpo meji ti o tobi ju) aami lọ. Nibi, awọn akoonu ti faili idanwo yoo wa ni afikun ni opin faili test1.

# cat test >> test1

Nigbati o ba lo itọsọna naa pẹlu titẹwọle boṣewa ‘<‘ (aami ti o kere si), o lo orukọ orukọ faili faili2 bi igbewọle fun aṣẹ ati ṣiṣe yoo han ni ebute kan.

# cat < test2

This is test2 file.

Eyi yoo ṣẹda faili ti a pe ni test3 ati pe gbogbo iṣẹjade yoo wa ni darí ninu faili tuntun ti o ṣẹda.

# cat test test1 test2 > test3

Eyi yoo ṣẹda idanwo faili4 ati ṣiṣejade ti aṣẹ ologbo ti wa ni paipu lati to lẹsẹsẹ ati pe abajade yoo wa ni darí ninu faili tuntun ti a ṣẹda.

# cat test test1 test2 test3 | sort > test4

Nkan yii fihan awọn ofin ipilẹ ti o le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣawari aṣẹ ologbo. O le tọka oju-iwe eniyan ti aṣẹ ologbo ti o ba fẹ mọ awọn aṣayan diẹ sii. Ninu ọrọ atẹle a yoo bo awọn aṣẹ o nran ti o ni ilọsiwaju siwaju sii. Jọwọ pin rẹ ti o ba rii nkan yii wulo nipasẹ apoti asọye wa ni isalẹ.