Bii o ṣe le Fi Wodupiresi sii pẹlu Nginx ni Ubuntu 20.04

Loni, lori 36% ti oju opo wẹẹbu n ṣiṣẹ lori pẹpẹ Wodupiresi, bi o ṣe jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ọna ṣiṣakoso ṣiṣi orisun ṣiṣii fun lilo jakejado oju opo wẹẹbu tabi buloogi nipa lilo awọn ẹya ti o ni agbara, awọn aṣa ẹwa, ati ju gbogbo rẹ lọ, ominira si kọ ohunkohun ti o fẹ.

Ninu nkan yii, iwọ yoo kọ bi o ṣe le fi sori ẹrọ ni Wodupiresi pẹlu Nginx webserver ni Ubuntu 20.04. Lati fi WordPress sori ẹrọ, o gbọdọ ni akopọ LEMP sori ẹrọ olupin Ubuntu 20.04 rẹ, bibẹkọ, wo itọsọna wa:

Bii a ṣe le Fi LEMP Stack sori ẹrọ pẹlu PhpMyAdmin ni Ubuntu 20.04

Fifi Wodupiresi sii ni Ubuntu 20.04

1. Lọgan ti o ba ni akopọ LEMP ni aye, gbe siwaju lati ṣe igbasilẹ ati ṣeto WordPress lati aaye iṣẹ rẹ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ wget atẹle.

$ wget -c http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

2. Nigbati package ba ti pari gbigba lati ayelujara, jade faili ti a gbepamo ni lilo aṣẹ oda bi o ti han.

$ tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz

3. Bayi daakọ akoonu ti folda wordpress sinu folda oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ (fun apẹẹrẹ mysite.com ) eyiti o yẹ ki o wa ni ipamọ labẹ gbongbo iwe wẹẹbu webserver (/var/www/html/), bi o ṣe han.

Akiyesi pe nigba lilo aṣẹ cp, itọsọna mysite.com ko ni lati wa tẹlẹ, yoo ṣẹda laifọwọyi.

$ ls -l
$ sudo cp -R wordpress/ /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo ls -l /var/www/html/mysite.com/

4. Itele, ṣeto awọn igbanilaaye ti o tọ lori itọsọna oju opo wẹẹbu /var/www/html/mysite.com . Olumulo webserver ati ẹgbẹ www-data yẹ ki o ni tirẹ pẹlu kika, kọ, ati ṣiṣe awọn igbanilaaye.

$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/mysite.com

Ṣiṣẹda aaye data Wodupiresi fun Oju opo wẹẹbu

5. Wodupiresi nilo ipilẹ data fun ibi ipamọ data wẹẹbu. Lati ṣẹda ọkan fun aaye rẹ, wọle sinu ikarahun MariaDB nipa lilo pipaṣẹ mysql ni lilo aṣayan -u lati pese orukọ olumulo ati -p fun ọrọ igbaniwọle naa ati tun lo sudo ti o ba n wọle bi olumulo ipilẹ data ipilẹ.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p 
OR
$ sudo mysql -u root		#this also works for root database user

6. Ni kete ti o ba ti wọle si ikarahun data data, fun awọn ofin wọnyi lati ṣẹda aaye data ti oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ, olumulo ibi ipamọ data ati ọrọ igbaniwọle bi o ti han (maṣe gbagbe lati lo awọn iye rẹ dipo\"mysite",\"mysiteadmin" ati\"[ imeeli ni idaabobo]! ”).

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE mysite;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mysite.* TO 'mysiteadmin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY  '[email !';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

7. Ni aaye yii, o nilo lati ṣẹda faili wp-config.php fun fifi sori ẹrọ ni wodupiresi tuntun rẹ, nibi ti iwọ yoo ṣalaye asopọ data data ati diẹ ninu awọn ipele miiran bakanna. Gbe sinu gbongbo iwe-ipamọ ti oju opo wẹẹbu /var/www/html/mysite.com ki o ṣẹda faili wp-config.php lati faili apẹẹrẹ ti a pese nipasẹ aiyipada.

$ cd /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

8. Lẹhin ti o ṣẹda faili wp-config.php , ṣii fun ṣiṣatunkọ.

$ sudo vim wp-config.php

Nisisiyi ṣe atunṣe awọn eto asopọ asopọ data (orukọ ti ibi ipamọ data fun Wodupiresi, orukọ olumulo data MariaDB, ati ọrọ igbaniwọle olumulo) bi a ṣe afihan ni sikirinifoto atẹle, nitorina aaye tuntun WordPress rẹ yoo sopọ si ibi ipamọ data ti o ṣẹda fun.

Ṣiṣẹda NGINX Virtual Server Block (VirtualHost) fun Wẹẹbu Wẹẹbu

9. Fun NGINX lati sin oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ si awọn alabara nipa lilo orukọ ìkápá rẹ (fun apẹẹrẹ mysite.com ), o nilo lati tunto bulọọki olupin foju kan (ti o jọra si olugbalejo foju labẹ Apache) fun aaye rẹ ni NGINX iṣeto ni.

Ṣẹda faili kan ti a pe ni mysite.com.conf labẹ itọsọna /etc/nginx/conf.d/ bi a ti han.

$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.com.conf

Daakọ ati lẹẹ iṣeto ni atẹle ni faili naa. Ranti lati ropo mysite.com ati www.mysite.com pẹlu orukọ ibugbe rẹ.

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        root /var/www/html/mysite.com;
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        server_name mysite.com www.mysite.com;

        error_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_access.log;
        
        client_max_body_size 100M;
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        }
}

Akiyesi: Ninu iṣeto ti o wa loke, iye ti fastcgi_pass paramita yẹ ki o tọka si iho PHP-FPM ti n tẹtisi lori, bi a ti ṣalaye nipasẹ iye ti tẹtisi paramita ninu/ati be be/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf faili iṣeto ni adagun-odo. Awọn aiyipada ni a UNIX iho /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock.

10. Ni pataki, NGINX ṣe deede awọn ipa-ọna gbogbo awọn ibeere si olupin aiyipada. Nitorinaa, yọ faili apamọ olupin aiyipada kuro lati jẹki aaye tuntun rẹ ati awọn aaye miiran ti o pinnu lati ṣeto lori olupin kanna lati gbe daradara.

$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

11. Nigbamii, ṣayẹwo sintasi iṣeto NGINX fun eyikeyi awọn aṣiṣe ṣaaju ki o to tun bẹrẹ iṣẹ Nginx lati lo awọn ayipada ti o wa loke.

$ sudo nginx -t
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

Ipari fifi sori ẹrọ Wodupiresi nipasẹ Oluṣakoso Wẹẹbu

12. Nigbamii ti, o nilo lati pari fifi sori ẹrọ Wodupiresi nipa lilo olupilẹṣẹ wẹẹbu. Ṣii aṣawakiri wẹẹbu kan ki o lo orukọ ìkápá rẹ lati lilö kiri:

http://mysite.com/
OR
http://SERVER_IP/

Nigbati olutawe wẹẹbu ba kojọpọ, yan ede ti o fẹ fun ilana fifi sori ẹrọ ki o tẹ Tẹsiwaju.

13. Lẹhinna fọwọsi alaye ti o nilo nipa oju opo wẹẹbu tuntun rẹ. Iyẹn ni akọle aaye, orukọ olumulo ti iṣakoso, ọrọ igbaniwọle olumulo, ati adirẹsi imeeli. Lẹhinna tẹ Fi sori ẹrọ ni Wodupiresi. Akiyesi pe o le ṣatunkọ alaye yii nigbagbogbo nigbamii.

14. Lẹhin ti Wodupiresi ti fi sori ẹrọ ni aṣeyọri, tẹsiwaju lati wọle si dasibodu ti olutọju oju opo wẹẹbu nipa tite lori bọtini iwọle bi o ṣe afihan ni iboju atẹle.

15. Ni oju-iwe iwọle iwọle ti oju opo wẹẹbu, pese orukọ olumulo ati ọrọ igbaniwọle rẹ ti o ṣẹda loke ki o tẹ buwolu wọle, lati wọle si dasibodu abojuto ti aaye rẹ.

Oriire! O ti fi sori ẹrọ ni ẹya tuntun ti Wodupiresi pẹlu NGINX ni Ubuntu 20.04, lati bẹrẹ kikọ oju opo wẹẹbu tuntun tabi bulọọgi rẹ.

Lati ṣiṣe aaye ti o ni aabo, o nilo lati mu HTTPS ṣiṣẹ nipa fifi iwe-ẹri SSL/TLS sori ẹrọ fun ibaraẹnisọrọ ti paroko pẹlu awọn alabara. Ni agbegbe iṣelọpọ, o ni iṣeduro lati lo Jẹ ki Encrypt ijẹrisi jẹ adaṣe ọfẹ, ṣii, ati igbẹkẹle nipasẹ ọpọlọpọ ti kii ba ṣe gbogbo awọn aṣawakiri wẹẹbu igbalode. Ni omiiran, o le ra ọkan lati aṣẹ ijẹrisi iṣowo (CA).