Bii o ṣe le Karo Adirẹsi IP Subnet pẹlu Irinṣẹ ipcalc

Nigbati o ba n ṣakoso nẹtiwọọki kan, laiseaniani iwọ yoo nilo lati ba ibajẹ-iṣẹ wọle. Diẹ ninu awọn alakoso nẹtiwọọki ni anfani lati ṣe iṣiro binary ni kiakia ni ori wọn, lati pinnu iboju-boju subnet. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn miiran le nilo iranlọwọ diẹ ati pe eyi ni ibi ti ọpa ipcalc wa ni ọwọ.

Ipcalc n ṣe pupọ diẹ sii - o gba adiresi IP kan ati netmask ati pese igbohunsafefe abajade, nẹtiwọọki, iboju iboju egan Cisco, ati ibiti o ti gbalejo. O tun le lo bi ohun elo ẹkọ lati ṣafihan awọn abajade subnetting ni irọrun lati ni oye awọn iye alakomeji.

Diẹ ninu awọn lilo ti ipcalc ni:

Ṣeduro adirẹsi IP
Ṣe afihan adirẹsi igbohunsafefe iṣiro
Ifihan orukọ olupin ti a pinnu nipasẹ DNS
Ṣafihan adirẹsi nẹtiwọọki tabi ìpele

Bii o ṣe le fi ipcalc sinu Linux

Lati fi ipcalc sori ẹrọ, ṣaṣe ṣiṣe ọkan ninu awọn ofin ni isalẹ, da lori pinpin Linux ti o nlo.

$ sudo apt install ipcalc

O yẹ ki o fi package ipcalc sori ẹrọ laifọwọyi labẹ CentOS/RHEL/Fedora ati pe o jẹ apakan ti package initscripts, ṣugbọn ti o ba fun idi kan ti o nsọnu, o le fi sii nipa lilo:

# yum install initscripts     #RHEL/CentOS
# dnf install initscripts     #Fedora

Bii o ṣe le Lo ipcalc ni Lainos

Ni isalẹ o le wo awọn apẹẹrẹ ti lilo ipcalc.

Gba alaye nipa adirẹsi nẹtiwọọki:

# ipcalc 192.168.20.0

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Ṣe iṣiro subnet kan fun 192.168.20.0/24.

# ipcalc 192.168.20.0/24

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Ṣe iṣiro subnet kan pẹlu awọn ọmọ-ogun 10:

# ipcalc  192.168.20.0 -s 10

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

1. Requested size: 10 hosts
Netmask:   255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Network:   192.168.20.0/28      11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 0000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 0001
HostMax:   192.168.20.14        11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 1110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.15        11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 1111
Hosts/Net: 14                    Class C, Private Internet

Needed size:  16 addresses.
Used network: 192.168.20.0/28
Unused:
192.168.20.16/28
192.168.20.32/27
192.168.20.64/26
192.168.20.128/25

Ti o ba fẹ tẹ iṣẹjade alakomeji mọlẹ, o le lo aṣayan -b bi o ti han.

# ipcalc -b 192.168.20.100

Address:   192.168.20.100
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24
HostMin:   192.168.20.1
HostMax:   192.168.20.254
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Lati wa diẹ sii nipa lilo ipcalc, o le lo:

# ipcalc --help
# man ipcalc

O le wa oju opo wẹẹbu ipcalc osise ni http://jodies.de/ipcalc.

Eyi jẹ itọnisọna ti o rọrun, fifihan bi o ṣe le lo ohun elo ipcalc pẹlu diẹ ninu awọn apẹẹrẹ ipilẹ. Ti o ba ni ibeere tabi imọran eyikeyi, rii daju lati fi wọn sii ni abala ọrọ ni isalẹ.