Bii o ṣe le Fi sori ẹrọ VirtualBox 6.1 Tuntun ni Linux


VirtualBox jẹ sọfitiwia orisun agbara agbelebu-pẹpẹ sọfitiwia agbara agbara, o le fi sori ẹrọ lori ẹrọ iṣiṣẹ eyikeyi ki o fun ọ ni agbara lati fi sori ẹrọ ati ṣiṣe ọpọlọpọ awọn alejo awọn ọna ṣiṣe lori kọmputa kanna.

Fun apẹẹrẹ, ti o ba fi sii lori ẹrọ Linux rẹ, o le ṣiṣẹ ẹrọ ṣiṣe Windows XP labẹ rẹ bi Alejo OS tabi ṣiṣe Linux OS lori eto Windows rẹ ati bẹbẹ lọ. Ni ọna yii, o le fi sori ẹrọ ati ṣiṣe bi ọpọlọpọ bi awọn ọna ṣiṣe alejo bi o ṣe fẹ, opin nikan ni aaye disk ati iranti.

Laipẹ Oracle ti tu ẹya iduroṣinṣin tuntun ti Virtualbox 6.1, ẹya tuntun ti apoti Virtual wa pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ayipada pataki ati awọn ẹya tuntun ti a ṣafikun si.

O le wo awọn alaye ayipada tuntun ti o pari nipa VirtualBox 6.1 lori Oju-iwe Changelog osise wọn.

Itọsọna yii ṣalaye bawo ni a ṣe le fi sori ẹrọ VirtualBox 6.1 lori RHEL, CentOS, ati awọn ọna Fedora nipa lilo ibi ipamọ ti ara VirtualBox pẹlu awọn irinṣẹ DNF.

Itọsọna yii tun ṣalaye bi o ṣe le fi sori ẹrọ VirtualBox 6.1 lori Debian, Ubuntu ati Linux Mint awọn ọna ẹrọ nipa lilo ibi ipamọ ti ara VirtualBox pẹlu aṣẹ APT.

  1. Bii o ṣe le Fi VirtualBox Tuntun sii ni CentOS, RHEL ati Fedora
  2. Bii o ṣe le Fi VirtualBox Tuntun sii ni Debian, Ubuntu ati Mint
  3. Bii o ṣe le Fi VirtualBox Extension Pack ni Linux
  4. sii

Lati fi ẹya idurosinsin tuntun ti VirtualBox sori ẹrọ, o nilo lati kọkọ gba faili atunto Virtualbox.repo nipa lilo pipaṣẹ rpm atẹle.

----------------- On CentOS and RHEL ----------------- 
# wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/rhel/virtualbox.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
# rpm --import https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc

----------------- On Fedora -----------------
# wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/fedora/virtualbox.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
# rpm --import https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc

Nigbamii, mu ibi ipamọ EPEL ṣiṣẹ lati fi sori ẹrọ awọn irinṣẹ kọ ati awọn igbẹkẹle lori eto naa.

----------------- On CentOS/RHEL 8 ----------------- 
# dnf install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm

----------------- On CentOS/RHEL 7 ----------------- 
# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

----------------- On CentOS/RHEL 6 ----------------- 
# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm

VirtualBox nlo modulu ekuro vboxdrv lati ṣakoso ati pin iranti ti ara fun ipaniyan awọn ọna ṣiṣe alejo. Laisi modulu yii, o tun le lo VirtualBox lati ṣẹda ati tunto awọn ẹrọ foju, ṣugbọn wọn kii yoo ṣiṣẹ.

Nitorinaa, lati ṣe VirtualBox ni kikun iṣẹ iwọ yoo nilo lati ṣe imudojuiwọn eto rẹ akọkọ, lẹhinna fi diẹ sii awọn modulu bi DKMS, awọn akọle ekuro, ati ekuro-devel ati diẹ ninu awọn idii igbẹkẹle.

----------------- On CentOS/RHEL 8 -----------------
# dnf update
# dnf install binutils kernel-devel kernel-headers libgomp make patch gcc glibc-headers glibc-devel dkms -y

----------------- On CentOS/RHEL 7/6 -----------------
# yum update
# yum install binutils kernel-devel kernel-headers libgomp make patch gcc glibc-headers glibc-devel dkms -y

----------------- On Fedora -----------------
# dnf update
# dnf install @development-tools
# dnf install kernel-devel kernel-headers dkms qt5-qtx11extras  elfutils-libelf-devel zlib-devel

Lọgan ti o ba ti fi gbogbo awọn idii igbẹkẹle ti o nilo sii, o le fi ẹya tuntun ti VirtualBox sori ẹrọ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ atẹle.

# dnf install VirtualBox-6.1
OR
# yum install VirtualBox-6.1

Ni aaye yii, o ti ṣetan lati bẹrẹ lilo VirtualBox nipa ṣiṣe pipaṣẹ wọnyi lori ebute naa.

# virtualbox

Ti o ba gba aṣiṣe atẹle lakoko fifi sori Virtualbox, o tumọ si ariyanjiyan wa laarin awọn ẹya Kernel meji.

This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel

Lati yanju ọrọ naa, akọkọ, ṣayẹwo ekuro ti o fi sii ati lẹhinna mu ekuro Linux ṣiṣẹ nipa ṣiṣe pipaṣẹ:

# uname -r
# dnf update kernel-*
Or
# yum update kernel-*

Nigbati imudojuiwọn ba pari, tun atunbere eto rẹ ki o yan ekuro tuntun lati inu akojọ aṣayan bata bata, titẹsi yii nigbagbogbo titẹsi akọkọ bi o ti le rii.

# reboot

Ni kete ti eto naa ti pari pẹlu gbigbe, wọle ki o tun le jẹrisi lẹẹkansii pe ẹya ekuro-devel bayi baamu ẹya ti ekuro Linux.

# rpm -q kernel-devel
# uname -r

Lẹhinna, tun-bẹrẹ ilana eto iṣeto ati jẹrisi pe fifi sori VirtualBox rẹ ṣaṣeyọri nipasẹ ṣiṣiṣẹ:

# /sbin/vboxconfig
# systemctl status vboxdrv

Ti o ba gba ifiranṣẹ aṣiṣe eyikeyi bi KERN_DIR tabi ti itọsọna orisun kernel rẹ ko ba ri laifọwọyi nipasẹ ilana kikọ, o le ṣeto rẹ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ atẹle. Rii daju pe o yi ẹya ekuro pada gẹgẹbi eto rẹ bi o ṣe han ni awọ pupa.

## RHEL / CentOS / Fedora ##
KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/4.19.0-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

## Export KERN_DIR ##
export KERN_DIR

Lati fi ẹya idurosinsin tuntun ti VirtualBox sori ẹrọ, o nilo lati ṣafikun ibi ipamọ Virtualbox osise ni lilo pipaṣẹ atẹle.

$ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
$ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
$ sudo apt install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -cs) contrib

Lẹhinna, ṣe imudojuiwọn atokọ package sọfitiwia ki o fi ẹya tuntun ti VirtualBox sori ẹrọ.

$ sudo apt-get install virtualbox-6.1

Nìkan ṣiṣẹ aṣẹ atẹle lati bẹrẹ rẹ lati ọdọ ebute tabi lo nkan jiju lati inu akojọ aṣayan lati bẹrẹ.

# VirtualBox

Ti o ba nilo diẹ ninu awọn iṣẹ afikun bi VirtualBox RDP, PXE, ROM pẹlu atilẹyin E1000 ati atilẹyin Oluṣakoso Iṣakoso USB 2.0, ati bẹbẹ lọ O nilo lati gba lati ayelujara ati fi sori ẹrọ VirtualBox Extension Pack nipa lilo pipaṣẹ wget atẹle.

# wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.10/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-6.1.10.vbox-extpack

Lati fi pack itẹsiwaju sori ẹrọ, o gbọdọ ni Virtualbox 6.1 ti fi sori ẹrọ, ni kete ti o gba lati ayelujara vbox-extpack ṣii pẹlu Virtualbox bi a ṣe han ni isalẹ.

Ti ko ba ṣiṣẹ, lẹhinna ṣii Virtaulbox -> Awọn ayanfẹ -> Awọn amugbooro ki o lọ kiri lori ayelujara fun vbox-extpack lati fi sii.

Nmu VirtualBox ṣiṣẹ

Ti o ba fẹ ṣe imudojuiwọn VirtualBox pẹlu ẹya tuntun ni ọjọ iwaju, o le jiroro ni ṣiṣe aṣẹ atẹle lati ṣe imudojuiwọn rẹ.

# yum update VirtualBox-*
# apt-get install VirtualBox-*

Yọ VirtualBox kuro

Ti o ba jẹ pe o fẹ yọ VirtualBox kuro patapata, kan lo aṣẹ atẹle lati yọ kuro patapata lati inu eto rẹ.

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# rm -rf virtualbox.repo
# yum remove VirtualBox-*
# apt-get remove VirtualBox-*

O tun le Gba VirtualBox 6.1 fun awọn iru ẹrọ Linux, Windows, ati Mac OS X.