Bii o ṣe le Tunto Adirẹsi IP Aimi IP ni Ubuntu 18.04
Netplan jẹ anfani iṣeto iṣeto nẹtiwọọki laini tuntun ti a ṣe ni Ubuntu 17.10 lati ṣakoso ati tunto awọn eto nẹtiwọọki ni rọọrun ninu awọn eto Ubuntu. O fun ọ laaye lati tunto wiwo nẹtiwọọki nipa lilo imukuro YAML. O n ṣiṣẹ ni apapo pẹlu NetworkManager ati daemons nẹtiwọọki nẹtiwọọki-sisẹ (ti a tọka si bi awọn oluyipada, o le yan eyi ti ọkan ninu iwọnyi lati lo) bi awọn atọkun si ekuro naa.
O ka iṣeto ni nẹtiwọọki ti a ṣalaye ninu /etc/netplan/*.yaml ati pe o le tọju awọn atunto fun gbogbo awọn atọkun nẹtiwọọki rẹ ninu awọn faili wọnyi.
Ninu nkan yii, a yoo ṣalaye bi o ṣe le tunto aimi nẹtiwọọki kan tabi adiresi IP ti o ni agbara fun wiwo nẹtiwọọki kan ni Ubuntu 18.04 nipa lilo iwulo Netplan.
Ṣe atokọ Gbogbo Awọn wiwo Nẹtiwọọki Ti nṣiṣe lọwọ lori Ubuntu
Ni akọkọ, o nilo lati da idanimọ nẹtiwọọki ti iwọ yoo ṣatunṣe. O le ṣe atokọ gbogbo awọn atọkun nẹtiwọọki ti a so lori ẹrọ rẹ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ ifconfig bi o ti han.
$ ifconfig -a
Lati iṣejade aṣẹ ti o wa loke, a ni awọn atọkun 3 ti a so mọ si eto Ubuntu: Awọn atọkun ethernet 2 ati wiwo wiwo lupu lupu Bibẹẹkọ, atọkun ethernet enp0s8 ko tii tunto ko si ni adiresi IP aimi.
Ṣeto Adirẹsi IP Aimi ni Ubuntu 18.04
Ninu apẹẹrẹ yii, a yoo tunto IP aimi kan fun enp0s8 wiwo nẹtiwọọki ethernet. Ṣii faili iṣeto netplan nipa lilo olootu ọrọ rẹ bi o ti han.
Pataki: Ni ọran ti a ko ṣẹda faili YAML nipasẹ olutọpa pinpin, o le ṣe agbekalẹ iṣeto ti o nilo fun awọn oluṣe pẹlu aṣẹ yii.
$ sudo netplan generate
Ni afikun, awọn faili ti a ṣe ni adaṣe le ni awọn orukọ faili oriṣiriṣi lori tabili, awọn olupin, awọn imukuro awọsanma ati bẹbẹ lọ (fun apẹẹrẹ 01-network-manager-all.yaml tabi 01-netcfg.yaml), ṣugbọn gbogbo awọn faili labẹ /etc/netplan/*.yaml yoo ka nipasẹ netplan.
$ sudo vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
Lẹhinna ṣafikun iṣeto atẹle ni apakan ethernet apakan.
enp0s8:
dhcp4: no
dhcp6: no
addresses: [192.168.56.110/24, ]
gateway4: 192.168.56.1
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
Nibo:
- enp0s8 - orukọ wiwo nẹtiwọọki.
- dhcp4 ati dhcp6 - awọn ohun-ini dhcp ti wiwo fun IPv4 ati IPv6 ti o gba.
- awọn adirẹsi - ọkọọkan ti awọn adirẹsi aimi si wiwo.
- adena4 - IPv4 adirẹsi fun ẹnu-ọna aiyipada.
- awọn olupamo orukọ - ọkọọkan awọn adirẹsi IP fun orukọ olupin.
Lọgan ti o ba ti ṣafikun, faili iṣeto rẹ yẹ ki o ni akoonu atẹle ni bayi, bi o ṣe han ninu sikirinifoto atẹle. Ni wiwo akọkọ enp0s8 yoo lo adiresi IP aimi kan.
Ohun-ini awọn adirẹsi ti wiwo kan n reti titẹsi ọkọọkan fun apẹẹrẹ [192.168.14.2/24, “2001: 1 :: 1/64”] tabi [192.168.56.110/24,] (wo oju-iwe eniyan netplan fun alaye diẹ sii).
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp0s3:
dhcp4: yes
enp0s8:
dhcp4: no
dhcp6: no
addresses: [192.168.56.110/24, ]
gateway4: 192.168.56.1
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]
Fipamọ faili naa ki o jade. Lẹhinna lo awọn ayipada nẹtiwọọki to ṣẹṣẹ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ netplan atẹle.
$ sudo netplan apply
Bayi ṣayẹwo gbogbo awọn atọkun nẹtiwọọki ti o wa lẹẹkan si, akoko enp0s8 iwoye ethernet yẹ ki o ni asopọ bayi si nẹtiwọọki agbegbe, ki o ni awọn adirẹsi IP bi o ṣe han ninu sikirinifoto atẹle.
$ ifconfig -a
Ṣeto Adirẹsi IP Dynamic DHCP ni Ubuntu
Lati tunto enp0s8 atọkun ethernet lati gba adiresi IP ni agbara nipasẹ DHCP, lo iṣeto ni atẹle.
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
enp0s8:
dhcp4: yes
dhcp6: yes
Fipamọ faili naa ki o jade. Lẹhinna lo awọn ayipada nẹtiwọọki to ṣẹṣẹ ati ṣayẹwo adirẹsi IP ni lilo awọn ofin atẹle.
$ sudo netplan apply $ ifconfig -a
Lati isisiyi lọ eto rẹ yoo gba adirẹsi IP ni agbara lati ọdọ olulana kan.
O le wa alaye diẹ sii ati awọn aṣayan iṣeto nipa ṣiṣọrọ si oju-iwe eniyan netplan.
$ man netplan
Oriire! O ti ṣaṣeyọri ni atunto awọn adiresi IP aimi nẹtiwọọki kan si awọn olupin Ubuntu rẹ. Ti o ba ni awọn ibeere eyikeyi, pin wọn pẹlu wa nipasẹ fọọmu asọye ni isalẹ.