itupalẹ eto - Wa Awọn iṣiro Iṣẹ ṣiṣe Boot ni Linux
Njẹ o nlo eto eto ati oluṣakoso iṣẹ, ati eto Linux rẹ ti o gba akoko to gun lati bata tabi o rọrun fẹ lati wo awọn ijabọ ti iṣẹ ṣiṣe fifọ ẹrọ rẹ? Ti o ba bẹẹni, o ti balẹ lori aaye to tọ.
Ninu àpilẹkọ yii, a yoo fi ọ han bi o ṣe le ṣe itupalẹ awọn iṣiro iṣẹ ṣiṣe bata-Linux kan nipa lilo itupalẹ eto, ọkan ninu awọn ohun elo lọpọlọpọ labẹ eto fun iṣakoso eto.
Lati gba iwoye ti akoko ikojọpọ eto, a le ṣiṣẹ aṣẹ-itupalẹ eto laisi awọn ariyanjiyan eyikeyi bi atẹle. Yoo ṣe atokọ alaye nipa iye akoko ti iṣẹ kọọkan gba lati bẹrẹ, eyiti o ni akoko ti o gba nipasẹ ekuro, initrd ati aye awọn olumulo lakoko gbigbe.
# systemd-analyze Startup finished in 884ms (kernel) + 3.861s (initrd) + 48.356s (userspace) = 53.102s
Ti o ba fẹ wo atokọ ti gbogbo awọn sipo ti n ṣiṣẹ, lẹsẹsẹ nipasẹ akoko ti wọn mu lati bẹrẹ (akoko ti o ga julọ lori oke), a lo aṣẹ-abẹ ẹbi fun idi eyi. Lẹhin ṣiṣe aṣẹ ti o tẹle, lo [Tẹ] lati wo awọn iṣẹ diẹ sii ninu atokọ naa ati q lati dawọ.
# systemd-analyze blame
16.159s mariadb.service
12.178s libvirtd.service
10.298s tuned.service
9.836s postfix.service
8.704s lsws.service
7.352s lscpd.service
4.988s [email
4.779s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
4.577s lvm2-monitor.service
4.439s ModemManager.service
4.413s polkit.service
4.280s dev-sda1.device
4.225s systemd-udev-settle.service
3.957s firewalld.service
3.227s rhel-dmesg.service
3.221s abrt-ccpp.service
3.142s rsyslog.service
3.053s avahi-daemon.service
3.042s pure-ftpd.service
2.249s gssproxy.service
2.212s NetworkManager.service
1.889s proc-fs-nfsd.mount
1.780s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
1.451s sshd.service
1.267s rhel-readonly.service
1.035s sysstat.service
1.001s rpc-statd-notify.service
910ms systemd-logind.service
739ms kdump.service
738ms network.service
...
Bii o ti le rii lati inu iṣujade ti o wa loke pe apakan kọọkan ti to lẹsẹsẹ da lori akoko ti o ya, o le jiroro ni wa iru iṣẹ wo ni o gba akoko to gun lakoko fifa ati itupalẹ ọrọ naa.
Itele, a tun le wo igi kan ti pq akoko-lominu fun afojusun aiyipada tabi atokọ ti awọn sipo ti a ṣalaye pẹlu aṣẹ-pq ipin-pataki ti o han bi o ti han.
# systemd-analyze critical-chain
The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit takes to start is printed after the "+" character.
multi-user.target @48.342s
└─mariadb.service @31.560s +16.159s
└─network.target @31.558s
└─network.service @30.819s +738ms
└─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @26.035s +4.779s
└─NetworkManager.service @23.821s +2.212s
└─network-pre.target @23.821s
└─firewalld.service @19.863s +3.957s
└─polkit.service @15.381s +4.413s
└─basic.target @12.271s
└─sockets.target @12.271s
└─virtlockd.socket @12.270s
└─sysinit.target @12.251s
└─systemd-update-utmp.service @12.196s +54ms
└─auditd.service @11.705s +486ms
└─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @11.609s +93ms
└─rhel-import-state.service @11.397s +211ms
└─local-fs.target @11.363s
└─run-user-0.mount @46.910s
└─local-fs-pre.target @10.575s
└─lvm2-monitor.service @5.996s +4.577s
└─lvm2-lvmetad.service @7.376s
└─lvm2-lvmetad.socket @5.987s
└─-.slice
# systemd-analyze critical-chain ntp.service networking.service
Lakotan, jẹ ki a wo aṣẹ-aṣẹ diẹ pataki diẹ ti o fun laaye fun iṣelọpọ ayaworan (kika kika svg) alaye ti awọn iṣẹ eto ti o ti bẹrẹ, ati ni akoko wo, ti o ṣe afihan akoko ibẹrẹ wọn, gẹgẹbi atẹle.
Rii daju pe ipo ifihan ayaworan tabi awọn x-windows ti ṣiṣẹ ni ibere lati wo igbero naa.
# systemd-analyze plot > boot_analysis.svg # xviewer boot_analysis.svg
Gbogbo awọn ofin ti o wa loke yoo tẹ awọn iṣiro iṣẹ ṣiṣe bata-bata fun ẹrọ agbegbe. Lati wo alaye lati ọdọ olupin latọna jijin lori ssh, lo asia -H ki o ṣalaye itọsọna [imeeli ni idaabobo], bi o ti han.
# systemd-analyze time -H [email # systemd-analyze blame -H [email # systemd-analyze critical-chain -H [email
tun-ṣe atupale eto le tun ṣee lo lati wa ipinlẹ miiran ati wiwa alaye lati eto ati eto (oluṣakoso iṣẹ) ati diẹ sii. Fun alaye diẹ sii, wo oju-iwe eniyan rẹ.
# man systemd-analyze
Iyẹn ni fun bayi! Ti o ba ni ibeere eyikeyi tabi ero lati pin, lo fọọmu esi ni isalẹ lati de ọdọ wa.