Bii o ṣe le Titẹ Nginx pẹlu Kaṣe Varnish lori CentOS 7
Kaṣe Varnish (tun tọka si bi Varnish) jẹ orisun-ṣiṣi, imuyara HTTP ti o ga julọ ti a ṣe apẹrẹ fun iyara awọn olupin ayelujara. Ninu awọn nkan wa ti o kẹhin, a ti ṣe alaye bi o ṣe le ṣeto CentOS 8.
Ninu àpilẹkọ yii, a yoo fi ọ han bi o ṣe le fi sori ẹrọ ati lo Kaṣe Varnish bi opin-opin si olupin Nginx HTTP ni CentOS 7. Itọsọna yii yẹ ki o tun ṣiṣẹ lori RHEL 7.
- CentOS 7 kan pẹlu Afun ti fi sori ẹrọ
- CentOS 7 kan pẹlu adiresi IP aimi kan
Igbesẹ 1: Fi Nginx Web Server sori CentOS 7
1. Bẹrẹ nipa fifi sori ẹrọ olupin Nginx HTTP lati awọn ibi ipamọ sọfitiwia CentOS aiyipada nipa lilo oluṣakoso package YUM gẹgẹbi atẹle.
# yum install nginx
2. Nigbati fifi sori ba pari, bẹrẹ iṣẹ Nginx fun bayi ki o muu ṣiṣẹ lati bẹrẹ laifọwọyi ni bata eto.
# systemctl start nginx # systemctl enable nginx # systemctl status nginx
3. Bayi ṣe atunṣe awọn ofin ogiriina eto lati gba awọn apo inbound laaye lori ibudo 80 ni lilo awọn ofin ni isalẹ.
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=80/tcp # firewall-cmd --reload # firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp # firewall-cmd --reload
Igbesẹ 2: Fi Kaṣe Varnish sori CentOS 7
4. Nisisiyi awọn idii RPM ti a ṣajọ tẹlẹ wa fun ẹya tuntun ti Varnish Cache 6 (ie 6.5 ni akoko kikọ), nitorinaa o nilo lati ṣafikun ibi ipamọ Cache osise naa.
Ṣaaju pe, o nilo lati mu ibi ipamọ EPEL ṣiṣẹ lati fi ọpọlọpọ awọn idii igbẹkẹle sori ẹrọ bi o ti han.
# yum install -y epel-release
5. Nigbamii, fi sori ẹrọ pygpgme, package fun mimu awọn ibuwọlu GPG ati awọn ohun elo yum, ikojọpọ awọn ohun elo ti o wulo ti o fa awọn ẹya abinibi yum ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ọna.
# yum install pygpgme yum-utils
6. Bayi ṣẹda faili ti a npè ni /etc/yum.repos.d/varnishcache_varnish5.repo ti o ni iṣeto ibi ipamọ ni isalẹ.
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/varnishcache_varnish65.repo
Pataki: Rii daju lati rọpo el ati 7 ninu iṣeto ni isalẹ pẹlu pinpin Linux ati ẹya rẹ:
[varnishcache_varnish65] name=varnishcache_varnish65 baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/el/7/$basearch repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/gpgkey sslverify=1 sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt metadata_expire=300 [varnishcache_varnish65-source] name=varnishcache_varnish65-source baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/el/7/SRPMS repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/gpgkey sslverify=1 sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt metadata_expire=300
7. Nisisiyi ṣiṣe aṣẹ ni isalẹ lati ṣe imudojuiwọn kaṣe yum ti agbegbe rẹ ki o fi sori ẹrọ ni apo kaṣe varnish (maṣe gbagbe lati gba bọtini GPG nipa titẹ y tabi bẹẹni lakoko fifi sori package):
# yum -q makecache -y --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='varnishcache_varnish65' # yum install varnish
8. Lẹhin fifi Kaṣe Varnish sori ẹrọ, oluṣe akọkọ yoo fi sori ẹrọ bi/usr/sbin/varnishd ati awọn faili iṣeto varnish wa ni/ati be be lo/varnish /:
- /etc/varnish/default.vcl - eyi ni faili iṣeto varnish akọkọ, o ti kọ nipa lilo ede iṣeto-ọrọ asan (VCL).
9. Bayi bẹrẹ iṣẹ varnish, jẹ ki o bẹrẹ lakoko aifọwọyi lakoko bata eto, ati ṣayẹwo ipo rẹ lati rii daju pe o ti n ṣiṣẹ ati ṣiṣe bi atẹle.
# systemctl start varnish # systemctl enable varnish # systemctl status varnish
10. O le jẹrisi pe fifi sori Varnish ṣaṣeyọri nipa wiwo ipo ti a le mu ṣiṣẹ ti Varnish ati ẹya ti a fi sori ẹrọ lori ẹrọ rẹ.
$ which varnishd $ varnishd -V
varnishd (varnish-6.5.1 revision 1dae23376bb5ea7a6b8e9e4b9ed95cdc9469fb64) Copyright (c) 2006 Verdens Gang AS Copyright (c) 2006-2020 Varnish Software
Igbesẹ 3: Tunto Nginx lati Ṣiṣẹ Pẹlu Kaṣe Varnish
11. Ni igbesẹ yii, o nilo lati tunto Nginx lati ṣiṣẹ pẹlu Kaṣe Varnish. Nipa aiyipada Nginx tẹtisi lori ibudo 80, o yẹ ki o yi ibudo Nginx aiyipada pada si 8080 nitorinaa o n ṣiṣẹ lẹhin fifọ Varnish.
Ṣii faili atunto Nginx /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ki o wa laini tẹtisi 80 ki o yi pada lati tẹtisi 8080 bi ninu apo olupin ti o han ni sikirinifoto ni isalẹ.
# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
Akiyesi: Eyi yẹ ki o ṣee ṣe ni gbogbo awọn faili iṣeto iṣeto ohun amorindun olupin (eyiti a ṣẹda nigbagbogbo labẹ /etc/nginx/conf.d/) fun awọn oju opo wẹẹbu ti o fẹ sin nipasẹ Varnish.
12. Nigbamii, ṣii faili iṣeto iṣẹ iṣẹ varnish ki o wa paramita ExecStart eyiti o ṣalaye ibudo Varnish ti tẹtisi, ati yi iye rẹ pada lati 6081 si 80.
# systemctl edit --full varnish
Laini yẹ ki o wo bi o ti han.
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd -a :80 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m
13. Nigbamii, ṣeto Nginx bi olupin ẹhin fun aṣoju Varnish, ninu faili iṣeto /etc/varnish/default.vcl.
# vi /etc/varnish/default.vcl
Wa apakan ẹhin, ki o ṣalaye IP ati ibudo ti o gbalejo. Ni isalẹ ni iṣeto ẹhin ẹhin aiyipada, ṣeto eyi lati tọka si olupin akoonu gangan rẹ.
backend default {
.host = "127.0.0.1";
.port = "8080";
}
14. Lẹhin ṣiṣe gbogbo awọn atunto ti o yẹ, tun bẹrẹ Nginx HTTPD ati kaṣe Varnish lati ṣe awọn ayipada ti o wa loke.
# systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl restart nginx # systemctl restart varnish
Igbesẹ 4: Idanwo Kaṣe Varnish lori Nginx
15. Lakotan, ṣe idanwo ti kaṣe Varnish ba ṣiṣẹ ati ṣiṣẹ pẹlu iṣẹ Nginx nipa lilo aṣẹ cURL ni isalẹ lati wo akọle HTTP.
# curl -I http://localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.16.1 Date: Wed, 06 Jan 2021 09:24:18 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 4833 Last-Modified: Fri, 16 May 2014 15:12:48 GMT ETag: "53762af0-12e1" X-Varnish: 2 Age: 0 Via: 1.1 varnish (Varnish/6.5) Accept-Ranges: bytes Connection: keep-alive
O le wa alaye ni afikun lati Ibi ipamọ Github Kaṣe Varnish: https://github.com/varnishcache/varnish-cache
Ninu ẹkọ yii, a ṣalaye bi o ṣe le ṣeto Kaṣe Varnish fun olupin Nginx HTTP lori CentOS 7. Lo fọọmu asọye ni isalẹ lati firanṣẹ eyikeyi awọn ibeere tabi awọn imọran afikun.