Bii o ṣe le Ṣiṣe Awọn ohun elo Wẹẹbu Ọpọ ni Apẹẹrẹ Tomcat Apache Kan

Apache Tomcat jẹ apo-iwe wẹẹbu orisun ṣiṣi eyiti o fun ọ laaye lati ran awọn Servlets Java, JSP ati awọn Sockets wẹẹbu lati ṣiṣẹ olupin ayelujara kan ti o ni agbara nipasẹ koodu Java. O tun le ṣe idanimọ bi apoti iṣẹ agbelebu-pẹpẹ tabi ohun elo wẹẹbu kan.

Nìkan, Tomcat jẹ olokiki pupọ laarin ọpọlọpọ awọn onigbọwọ ile-iṣẹ nitori ọpọlọpọ awọn anfani lori awọn apoti wẹẹbu miiran lori ọja. O le ṣẹda awọn iwe-ipamọ wẹẹbu lati iṣẹ Java rẹ ki o fi ranṣẹ ni irọrun laarin apo eiyan tomcat lati gbalejo olupin ayelujara HTTP ti o ni koodu Java. Awọn ile-iṣẹ yan tomcat afun lori apoti miiran nitori awọn anfani atẹle.

Iwuwo Ina.
1. Ti Lo Ni Gbangba.
2. Pupọ yarayara ju awọn apoti miiran lọ.
3. Rọrun lati tunto.
4. Rọrun pupọ.

Nigbagbogbo, apache tomcat jẹ ọja ọrẹ-ọrẹ eyiti o fun awọn onise-ẹrọ ni aaye lati fi awọn ohun-elo WAR wọn ranṣẹ (Web ARchives) pẹlu awọn iyipada iṣeto kekere.

Ifiranṣẹ yii n fojusi awọn olugbo ti o nlo tomcat tẹlẹ ati mọ bi o ṣe le bẹrẹ ati lo ẹrọ tomcat afun.

Ninu apc tomcat, o yẹ ki a fi awọn WAR sinu aaye webapps eyiti apoti gba ranṣẹ nipasẹ aiyipada. Nìkan, itọsọna webapps ṣiṣẹ bi apoti akọkọ ti koodu Java fun tomcat lati fi ranṣẹ bi olupin ayelujara kan.

Ninu iwoye eyiti a nilo lati gbalejo awọn olupin wẹẹbu ju ọkan lọ lati inu apo tomcat kan, o le lo ifiweranṣẹ yii bi itọsọna kan lati ṣaṣepari rẹ. Emi yoo fi ọ han bi o ṣe le ran awọn ohun elo wẹẹbu lọpọlọpọ tabi awọn olupin wẹẹbu meji laarin tomcat kan lati nkan yii.

Awọn ibeere pataki: Java yẹ ki o fi sori ẹrọ ni olupin naa. Pelu pelu 1.7.x tabi loke. Ninu ẹkọ yii Mo ni Java 1.7 ti fi sori ẹrọ niwon Mo lo ẹya tomcat 8.0.37.

O le fi Java sii nipa lilo oluṣakoso package rẹ bii yum tabi apt bi o ṣe han:

# yum install java              [On CentOS based Systems]
# apt-get install default-jre   [On Debian based Systems]

Igbesẹ 1: Fi Server Apc Tomcat sori ẹrọ

1. Ni akọkọ ṣẹda lọtọ tomcat olumulo nipa lilo akọọlẹ gbongbo.

# useradd tomcat
# passwd tomcat

Bayi buwolu wọle bi olumulo tomcat ati ṣe igbasilẹ lapapo tomcat afun tuntun lati aaye osise nibi: wget pipaṣẹ lati ṣe igbasilẹ taara ni ebute naa.

Ni ọran yii, Mo ṣe igbasilẹ Apache Tomcat, 8.5.5, eyiti o jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ẹya iduroṣinṣin tuntun ti a tu silẹ nipasẹ bayi.

$ wget http://redrockdigimark.com/apachemirror/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.5/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.5.tar.gz

2. Lọgan ti o ba ti gba faili, ṣe igbasilẹ akoonu nipa lilo pipaṣẹ oda ki o wo ilana ilana bi o ti han:

$ tar -xvf apache-tomcat-8.5.5.tar.gz
$ cd apache-tomcat-8.5.5/
$ ls -l

total 112
drwxr-x---. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep 29 11:26 bin
drwx------. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep  1 01:23 conf
drwxr-x---. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep 29 11:26 lib
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 57092 Sep  1 01:23 LICENSE
drwxr-x---. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep  1 01:21 logs
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat  1723 Sep  1 01:23 NOTICE
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat  7063 Sep  1 01:23 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r-----. 1 tomcat tomcat 15946 Sep  1 01:23 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-x---. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep 29 11:26 temp
drwxr-x---. 7 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep  1 01:22 webapps
drwxr-x---. 2 tomcat tomcat  4096 Sep  1 01:21 work

Igbesẹ 2: Tunto Server Apc Tomcat

3. Iyipada iṣeto ti a n wa ni irọ laarin itọsọna conf, ti wa ni lilo lati gbe gbogbo awọn faili iṣeto ti o ṣe iranlọwọ tomcat lati bẹrẹ.

Akoonu ti itọsọna confoni dabi ni isalẹ.

$ cd conf/
$ ls -l

total 224
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat  12502 Sep  1 01:23 catalina.policy
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   7203 Sep  1 01:23 catalina.properties
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   1338 Sep  1 01:23 context.xml
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   1149 Sep  1 01:23 jaspic-providers.xml
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   2358 Sep  1 01:23 jaspic-providers.xsd
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   3622 Sep  1 01:23 logging.properties
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   7283 Sep  1 01:23 server.xml
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   2164 Sep  1 01:23 tomcat-users.xml
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat   2633 Sep  1 01:23 tomcat-users.xsd
-rw-------. 1 tomcat tomcat 168133 Sep  1 01:23 web.xml

4. Ni idi eyi, ohun ti o ṣe pataki si mi ni faili server.xml . Nitorina Emi kii ṣe alaye ti o jinlẹ nipa awọn faili miiran tabi awọn ilana ilana.

Server.xml ni faili iṣeto ti o sọ fun tomcat eyi ti ibudo lati bẹrẹ, eyi ti akoonu itọsọna lati fi ranṣẹ ati ọpọlọpọ akọkọ ati awọn atunto ipilẹ.

Ni akọkọ o dabi ni isalẹ lẹhin ti o ṣii faili naa.

$ vim server.xml

Igbesẹ 3: Ṣiṣe Awọn ohun elo Wẹẹbu ni Apache Tomcat

5. Bayi a yoo ran ohun elo wẹẹbu tuntun kan ni Apache tomcat, kọkọ wa ibi ti ami aami iṣẹ ti wa ni pipade ki o fi sii awọn ila isalẹ ni isalẹ lẹhin ami iṣẹ akọkọ ti a pa.

<Service name="webapps2">
    <Connector port="7070" maxHttpHeaderSize="7192"
        maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
        enableLookups="false" redirectPort="7443" acceptCount="100"
        connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" />
        <Connector port="7072" 
        enableLookups="false" redirectPort="7043" protocol="AJP/1.3" />

    <Engine name="webapps2" defaultHost="localhost">
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
            resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
            <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps2"
                unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
                 xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
            </Host>
    </Engine>
</Service>

Bi o ṣe rii, Mo ti yipada ibudo asopọ si 7070 ni titẹ sii ti a fi sii tuntun niwon tomcat aiyipada bẹrẹ pẹlu ibudo 8080. Lẹhin ti o ṣeto eyi ni pipe awọn olupin ayelujara meji yoo wa labẹ awọn ibudo 8080 ati 7070.

6. Lẹhin fifipamọ iyipada ti a ṣe si server.xml , ṣẹda itọsọna ninu afun ti a pe ni webapps2 laarin akọkọ apache.

$ cd /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/
$ mkdir webapps2

Ti o ba ṣe akiyesi server.xml titẹsi tuntun ti Mo ti pese, o yẹ ki o rii pe orukọ iṣẹ, ipilẹ ohun elo ati ẹrọ ti wa ni orukọ bi webapps2. Iyẹn ni idi ti Mo ṣẹda itọsọna ti a npè ni webapps2. O le ṣẹda ọkan bi o ṣe fẹ, ṣugbọn rii daju pe o ṣe awọn ayipada si titẹ sii bi o ṣe nilo.

7. Lati rii daju pe olupin ayelujara keji ti n ṣiṣẹ, Mo daakọ akoonu ti itọsọna webapps si itọsọna webapps2.

$ cp -r webapps/* webapps2/

8. Bayi apakan igbadun. A yoo bẹrẹ olupin naa ki o rii boya o n ṣiṣẹ. Lọ si itọsọna bin ki o ṣe iwe afọwọkọ startup.sh . O le wo awọn àkọọlẹ ninu catalina.out faili ti o wa ninu itọsọna awọn akọọlẹ.

$ cd bin/
$ ./startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

9. Ti o ba tọka awọn akọọlẹ iwọ yoo ni anfani lati rii pe webapps ati webapps2 ti wa ni gbigbe ati pe ohun elo ti bẹrẹ laisi eyikeyi oro.

$ cd logs/
$ tail -25f catalina.out 

29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.210 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/examples
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.661 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/examples has finished in 452 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.664 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/docs
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.703 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/docs has finished in 39 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.704 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/host-manager
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.744 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps/host-manager has finished in 39 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.748 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler [http-nio-8080]
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.767 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler [ajp-nio-8009]
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.768 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service webapps2
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.768 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.5
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.777 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/manager
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.879 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/manager has finished in 102 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.879 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/ROOT
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.915 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/ROOT has finished in 35 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:51.927 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/examples
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.323 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.log ContextListener: contextInitialized()
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.337 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext.log SessionListener: contextInitialized()
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.341 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/examples has finished in 414 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.341 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/docs
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.371 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/docs has finished in 29 ms
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.371 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/host-manager
29-Sep-2016 12:13:52.417 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /home/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.5/webapps2/host-manager has finished in 46 ms
...

http://172.16.1.39:8080   [1st Web App]
http://172.16.1.39:7070   [2nd Web App]