Bii o ṣe le Fifuye Sipiyu giga ati Idanwo Ikọra lori Lainos Lilo Irinṣẹ Itọju-ng


Gẹgẹbi Oluṣakoso eto, o le fẹ lati ṣayẹwo ati ṣetọju ipo awọn ọna ṣiṣe Linux rẹ nigbati wọn ba wa labẹ wahala ti ẹrù giga. Eyi le jẹ ọna ti o dara fun Awọn alabojuto Eto ati Awọn eto-eto si:

  1. awọn iṣẹ orin aladun daradara lori eto kan.
  2. bojuto awọn atọkun ekuro eto iṣẹ.
  3. ṣe idanwo awọn paati ohun elo Linux bi Sipiyu, iranti, awọn ẹrọ disiki ati ọpọlọpọ awọn omiiran lati ṣe akiyesi iṣẹ wọn labẹ wahala.
  4. wiwọn awọn ẹru ti n gba agbara oriṣiriṣi lori eto kan.

Ninu itọsọna yii, a yoo wo awọn irinṣẹ pataki meji, aapọn ati aapọn-fun idanwo wahala labẹ awọn eto Linux rẹ.

1. wahala - jẹ ohun elo monomono iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti a ṣe apẹrẹ lati tẹ eto rẹ si iwọn atunto ti Sipiyu, iranti, I/O ati wahala disk.

2. stress-ng - jẹ ẹya imudojuiwọn ti irinṣẹ monomono iṣẹ wahala ti o ṣe idanwo eto rẹ fun awọn ẹya atẹle:

  1. Iṣiro Sipiyu
  2. iwakọ wahala
  3. Awọn amuṣiṣẹpọ I/O
  4. Pipe I/O
  5. kaṣe ti n lu
  6. wahala VM
  7. iṣan wahala
  8. ẹda ilana ati ipari
  9. awọn ohun-ini iyipada ti o tọ

Botilẹjẹpe awọn irinṣẹ wọnyi dara fun ayẹwo eto rẹ, wọn ko yẹ ki o kan lo nipasẹ olumulo eyikeyi eto.

Pataki: A gba ọ niyanju ni gíga pe ki o lo awọn irinṣẹ wọnyi pẹlu awọn anfani olumulo gbongbo, nitori wọn le ṣe wahala ẹrọ Linux rẹ ni iyara ati lati yago fun awọn aṣiṣe eto kan lori ohun elo apẹrẹ ti ko dara.

Bii o ṣe le Fi Irinṣẹ 'wahala' sori ẹrọ ni Linux

Lati fi ohun elo wahala sori Debian ati awọn itọsẹ rẹ bii Ubuntu ati Mint, ṣiṣe aṣẹ atẹle.

$ sudo apt-get install stress

Lati fi wahala sori RHEL/CentOS ati Fedora Linux, o nilo lati tan ibi ipamọ EPEL ati lẹhinna tẹ aṣẹ yum atẹle lati fi kanna sori ẹrọ:

# yum install stress

Iṣọpọ gbogbogbo fun lilo wahala ni:

$ sudo stress option argument

Diẹ ninu awọn aṣayan ti o le lo pẹlu aapọn.

    Lati sọ awọn oṣiṣẹ N ti n yi lori iṣẹ sqrt(), lo aṣayan –cpu N bii atẹle. Lati rii awọn oṣiṣẹ N ti n yipo lori iṣẹ amuṣiṣẹpọ, lo aṣayan –io N gẹgẹbi atẹle.
  1. Lati ṣe iranṣẹ fun awọn oṣiṣẹ N ti n yipo lori awọn iṣẹ malloc()/ọfẹ(), lo aṣayan -vm N.
  2. Lati ṣe ipin iranti fun oṣiṣẹ vm, lo aṣayan –vm-bytes N.
  3. Dipo ti ominira ati ṣiṣiparọ awọn orisun iranti, o le redirty iranti nipa lilo aṣayan -vm-keep.
  4. Ṣeto oorun si iṣẹju-aaya N ṣaaju ki o to ṣe iranti iranti nipa lilo aṣayan –vm-hang-n.
  5. Lati ṣe iranṣẹ fun awọn oṣiṣẹ N ti n yipo lori kikọ awọn iṣẹ (unlink(), lo aṣayan –hdd N.)
  6. O le ṣeto akoko ipari lẹhin iṣẹju-aaya N nipa lilo aṣayan –outout N.
  7. Ṣeto ifosiwewe idaduro ti N microseconds ṣaaju iṣẹ eyikeyi ti o bẹrẹ nipa lilo aṣayan -backoff N bi atẹle.
  8. Lati ṣe afihan alaye ti alaye diẹ sii nigbati o ba n ṣiṣẹ wahala, lo aṣayan -v.
  9. Lo –iranlọwọ lati wo iranlọwọ fun lilo wahala tabi wo oju-iwe naa.

1. Lati ṣayẹwo ipa ti aṣẹ ni gbogbo igba ti o ba ṣiṣẹ, kọkọ ṣiṣe aṣẹ pipaṣẹ ki o ṣe akiyesi iwọn fifuye.

Nigbamii, ṣiṣe aṣẹ wahala lati fun awọn oṣiṣẹ 8 ti n yipo sqrt() pẹlu akoko ipari ti awọn aaya 20. Lẹhin ṣiṣe wahala, tun ṣiṣẹ aṣẹ akoko ati ṣe afiwe iwọn ẹrù.

[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu  8 --timeout 20
[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ uptime    
 17:20:00 up  7:51,  2 users,  load average: 1.91, 2.16, 1.93     [<-- Watch Load Average]
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu 8 --timeout 20
stress: info: [17246] dispatching hogs: 8 cpu, 0 io, 0 vm, 0 hdd
stress: info: [17246] successful run completed in 21s
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:20:24 up  7:51,  2 users,  load average: 5.14, 2.88, 2.17     [<-- Watch Load Average]

2. Lati fun awọn oṣiṣẹ 8 ti n yipo sqrt() pẹlu akoko ipari ti awọn aaya 30, fifihan alaye ni kikun nipa iṣẹ naa, ṣiṣe aṣẹ yii:

[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu 8 -v --timeout 30s
[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:27:25 up  7:58,  2 users,  load average: 1.40, 1.90, 1.98     [<-- Watch Load Average]
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu 8 -v --timeout 30s
stress: info: [17353] dispatching hogs: 8 cpu, 0 io, 0 vm, 0 hdd
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 24000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 8 [17354] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 21000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 7 [17355] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 18000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 6 [17356] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 15000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 5 [17357] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 12000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 4 [17358] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 9000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 3 [17359] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 6000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 2 [17360] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] using backoff sleep of 3000us
stress: dbug: [17353] setting timeout to 30s
stress: dbug: [17353] --> hogcpu worker 1 [17361] forked
stress: dbug: [17353] [email  ~ $ uptime
 17:27:59 up  7:59,  2 users,  load average: 5.41, 2.82, 2.28     [<-- Watch Load Average]

3. Lati ṣe iyipo oṣiṣẹ kan ti malloc() ati awọn iṣẹ ọfẹ() pẹlu akoko ipari ti awọn aaya 60, ṣiṣe aṣẹ atẹle.

[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --vm 1 --timeout 60s 
[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:34:07 up  8:05,  2 users,  load average: 1.54, 2.04, 2.11     [<-- Watch Load Average]
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --vm 1 --timeout 60s 
stress: info: [17420] dispatching hogs: 0 cpu, 0 io, 1 vm, 0 hdd
stress: info: [17420] successful run completed in 60s
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:35:20 up  8:06,  2 users,  load average: 2.45, 2.24, 2.17     [<-- Watch Load Average]

4. Lati ṣe iwọn awọn oṣiṣẹ mẹrin mẹrin ti n yi lori sqrt(), awọn oṣiṣẹ meji ti n ta lori amuṣiṣẹpọ(), awọn oṣiṣẹ 2 lori malloc()/ọfẹ(), pẹlu akoko ti o to iṣẹju-aaya 20 ati pin iranti ti 256MB fun oṣiṣẹ vm, ṣiṣe eyi pipaṣẹ ni isalẹ.

[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu 4 --io 3 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 256M --timeout 20s 
[email  ~ $ uptime
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:40:33 up  8:12,  2 users,  load average: 1.68, 1.84, 2.02     [<-- Watch Load Average]
[email  ~ $ sudo stress --cpu 4 --io 3 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 256M --timeout 20s
stress: info: [17501] dispatching hogs: 4 cpu, 3 io, 2 vm, 0 hdd
stress: info: [17501] successful run completed in 20s
[email  ~ $ uptime
 17:40:58 up  8:12,  2 users,  load average: 4.63, 2.54, 2.24     [<-- Watch Load Average]