Bii a ṣe le Gba silẹ ati Tun Awọn igba Ibudo Linux ṣe pẹlu lilo awọn iwe afọwọkọ ati awọn iwe afọwọkọ
Ninu itọsọna yii a yoo wo bawo ni a ṣe le lo iwe afọwọkọ kan ati awọn aṣẹ afọwọkọ ni Lainos ti o le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe igbasilẹ awọn aṣẹ ati iṣẹjade ti wọn tẹ lori ebute rẹ lakoko igba ti a fifun.
Aṣẹ itan jẹ iwulo laini aṣẹ-nla ti o ṣe iranlọwọ fun awọn olumulo lati tọju aṣẹ iṣaaju ti a lo, botilẹjẹpe ko tọju iṣujade ti aṣẹ kan.
Nitorinaa aṣẹ afọwọkọ wa ni ọwọ lati pese fun ọ ni iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti o lagbara ti o ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣe igbasilẹ ohun gbogbo ti o tẹjade lori ebute rẹ si log_file kan. Lẹhinna o le tọka si faili yii nigbamii ni ọran ti o fẹ lati wo abajade ti aṣẹ kan ninu itan lati log_file.
O tun le tun ṣe awọn ofin ti o gbasilẹ nipasẹ lilo aṣẹ afọwọkọ iwe afọwọkọ nipa lilo alaye akoko.
Bii o ṣe le Gba Ibudo Linux Lilo Igbimọ afọwọkọ
Aṣẹ afọwọkọ n tọju awọn iṣẹ ebute ni faili akọọlẹ kan ti o le fun ni orukọ nipasẹ olumulo kan, nigbati orukọ ko ba pese nipasẹ olumulo kan, orukọ faili aiyipada, iwe afọwọkọ ti lo.
# script [options] - -timing=timing_file log_filename
Lati bẹrẹ gbigbasilẹ ti ebute Linux, tẹ iwe afọwọkọ ki o fi orukọ faili log kun bi o ti han.
[email ~ $ script history_log.txt Script started, file is history_log.txt
Lati da iwe afọwọkọ duro, tẹ ijade ki o tẹ [Tẹ].
[email ~ $ exit Script done, file is history_log.txt
Ti iwe afọwọkọ ko ba le kọ si faili log ti a darukọ lẹhinna o fihan aṣiṣe kan.
Fun apẹẹrẹ, ninu iṣẹjade ni isalẹ, awọn igbanilaaye ti iwe afọwọkọ faili ko gba laaye kika, kikọ ati ipaniyan ti faili kii ṣe nipasẹ olumulo tabi ẹgbẹ eyikeyi. Nigbati o ba ṣiṣẹ aṣẹ iwe afọwọkọ laisi orukọ faili log, o gbiyanju lati kọ si faili aiyipada, iwe afọwọkọ nibi ti o nfihan aṣiṣe kan.
[email ~ $ ls -l typescript --------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 144 Sep 15 00:00 typescript [email ~ $ script script: open failed: typescript: Permission denied Terminated
Mo ti pe orukọ faili log.log mi ni apẹẹrẹ ni isalẹ, o le fun faili rẹ ni orukọ ti o yatọ.
[email ~ $ script script.log
Bayi gbiyanju lati ṣiṣẹ awọn ofin diẹ lati gba iwe afọwọkọ laaye lati ṣe igbasilẹ awọn pipaṣẹ ti a ṣiṣẹ lori ebute naa.
[email ~ $ cal
September 2015
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
[email ~ $ w
14:49:40 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:06m 7:40 0.36s x-session-manager
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 4.00s 0.07s 0.00s script script.log
[email ~ $ uptime
14:49:43 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62
[email ~ $ whoami
tecmint
[email ~ $ echo 'using script'
using script
[email ~ $ exit
exit
Script done, file is script.log
Bayi gbiyanju lati wo faili akọọlẹ 'script.log' fun gbogbo awọn aṣẹ ti o gbasilẹ, lakoko ti o wo akọọlẹ o ṣe akiyesi pe iwe afọwọkọ naa tun tọju awọn ifunni laini ati awọn aaye ẹhin.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m cal^M
September 2015 ^M
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa ^M
1 2 3 4 5 ^M
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ^M
13 14 15 ^[[7m16^[[27m 17 18 19 ^M
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ^M
27 28 29 30 ^M
^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m w^M
14:49:40 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62^M
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT^M
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:06m 7:40 0.36s x-session-manager^M
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 4.00s 0.07s 0.00s script script.log^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m uptime^M
14:49:43 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whoami^M
tecmint^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m echo ''^Hu'^Hs'^Hi'^Hn'^Hg'^H '^Hs'^Hc'^Hr'^Hi'^Hp'^Ht'^H^M
using script^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m exit^M
exit^M
Script done on Wednesday 16 September 2015 02:49:59 PM IST
~
O le lo aṣayan kan lati fi kun faili log tabi iru iwe afọwọkọ, ni idaduro awọn akoonu iṣaaju.
[email ~ $ script -a script.log Script started, file is script.log [email ~ $ date Wed Sep 16 14:59:36 IST 2015 [email ~ $ pwd /home/tecmint [email ~ $ whereis script script: /usr/bin/script /usr/bin/X11/script /usr/share/man/man1/script.1.gz [email ~ $ whatis script script (1) - make typescript of terminal session
Wo awọn akoonu ti akosile, wọle lẹhin lilo -ayan lati fi kun.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m date^M Wed Sep 16 14:59:36 IST 2015^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m pwd^M /home/tecmint^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whre^H^[[K^H^[[Kereis script^M script: /usr/bin/script /usr/bin/X11/script /usr/share/man/man1/script.1.gz^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whatis script^M script (1) - make typescript of terminal session^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m vi s^H^[[K^H^[[K^H^[[K^H^[[Kexit^M exit^M
Lati wọle awọn abajade ofin kan yatọ si igba ikarahun ibaraenisọrọ, lo aṣayan -c.
[email ~ $ script -c 'hostname' script.log Script started, file is script.log linux-console.net Script done, file is script.log
Ti o ba fẹ iwe afọwọkọ lati ṣiṣẹ ni ipo idakẹjẹ lẹhinna o le lo aṣayan -q. Iwọ kii yoo rii ifiranṣẹ ti o fihan iwe afọwọkọ ti bẹrẹ tabi jade.
[email ~ $ script -c 'who' -q script.log tecmint tty8 2015-09-16 10:45 (:0) tecmint pts/5 2015-09-16 13:42 (:0)
Lati ṣeto alaye akoko si aṣiṣe bošewa tabi faili kan lo aṣayan-sisọ. Alaye asiko naa wulo nigba ti o ba fẹ ṣe afihan iṣẹjade ti a fipamọ sinu log_file.
Jẹ ki a bẹrẹ iwe afọwọkọ ati ṣiṣe awọn ofin wọnyi w, akoko asiko ati cal lati gba silẹ.
[email ~ $ script --timing=time.txt script.log
Script started, file is script.log
[email ~ $ w
15:09:31 up 4:26, 2 users, load average: 1.38, 1.39, 1.47
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:26m 8:15 0.38s x-session-manager
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 3.00s 0.09s 0.00s script --timing=time.txt script.log
[email ~ $ uptime
15:09:36 up 4:26, 2 users, load average: 1.43, 1.40, 1.48
[email ~ $ cal
September 2015
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
O le wo faili script.log ati faili time.txt fun aṣẹ akoko ni oke.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m w^M
15:12:05 up 4:28, 2 users, load average: 1.31, 1.37, 1.45^M
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT^M
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:28m 8:20 0.38s x-session-manager^M
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 5.00s 0.09s 0.00s script --timing=time.txt script.log^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m uptime^M
15:12:07 up 4:28, 2 users, load average: 1.29, 1.36, 1.45^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m cal^M
September 2015 ^M
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa ^M
1 2 3 4 5 ^M
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ^M
13 14 15 ^[[7m16^[[27m 17 18 19 ^M
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ^M
27 28 29 30 ^M
^M
Bayi wo faili time.txt.
[email ~ $ vi time.txt
0.259669 306 0.037680 829 0.000006 2 0.000002 100 0.000002 2 0.000002 102 0.000019 202 0.000004 2 0.000002 102 0.000015 100 0.000002 2 0.000003 2 0.000002 99 0.000011 2 0.000003 82 ...
Faili time.txt ni awọn ọwọn meji, ọwọn akọkọ fihan bi akoko melo ti kọja lati ifihan ti o kẹhin ati iwe keji, fihan nọmba awọn ohun kikọ ti a ti han ni akoko yii.
Lo oju-iwe eniyan naa ati –iranlọwọ lati wa fun awọn aṣayan diẹ sii ati iranlọwọ ni lilo iwulo laini aṣẹ-afọwọkọ.
Lilo iwe afọwọkọ lati ṣe atunkọ awọn iwe afọwọkọ nipa lilo alaye akoko
Aṣẹ iwe afọwọkọ ṣe iranlọwọ lati tun ṣe alaye ninu log_file rẹ ti o gbasilẹ nipasẹ aṣẹ afọwọkọ.
Alaye ti akoko jẹ asọye nipasẹ -timing = aṣayan faili ti o lo pẹlu aṣẹ afọwọkọ ati faili ninu ọran yii ni file.txt ti o lo pẹlu aṣẹ afọwọkọ.
Ranti pe o nilo lati ṣọkasi log_file ti o lo pẹlu aṣẹ afọwọkọ.
Jẹ ki a tun ṣe atunṣe awọn ofin mẹta ti o kẹhin w, akoko asiko ati cal ti a ti ṣiṣẹ bi atẹle.
[email ~ $ scriptreplay --timing=time.txt script.log
Nigbati log_file ba tun pada nipa lilo alaye akoko, awọn ofin ti o gbasilẹ ni ṣiṣe ati ṣiṣejade wọn ni afihan ni akoko kanna iṣafihan atilẹba ti han lakoko gbigbasilẹ.
Akopọ
Awọn ofin meji wọnyi, iwe afọwọkọ ati iwe afọwọkọ ti o rọrun lati lo ati ṣe iranlọwọ pupọ nigbati o ba nilo lati ṣiṣe ipele kanna ti awọn ofin ni igba pupọ. Wọn ṣe iranlọwọ pupọ ni ṣiṣakoso awọn olupin ti o ni wiwo laini aṣẹ nikan fun ibaraenisepo pẹlu eto rẹ. Ireti itọsọna yii wulo ati pe ti o ba ni ohunkohun lati ṣafikun tabi dojuko ipenija lakoko lilo wọn, ma ṣe ṣiyemeji lati firanṣẹ asọye kan.