Bii o ṣe le Fi Wodupiresi sii pẹlu Apache lori Debian ati Ubuntu

Kikọ Apache kan tabi iṣafihan Wodupiresi kii yoo ṣe rere nitori otitọ pe awọn mejeeji, ni apapọ papọ, jẹ ọkan ninu Awọn Oluṣakoso Oju-iwe Ayelujara Ṣiṣii Open Open ti a lo julọ lori Intanẹẹti loni, ni otitọ, Apache nṣiṣẹ lori awọn olupin ayelujara wẹẹbu 36.9% ati Wodupiresi lori ọkan ninu gbogbo awọn oju opo wẹẹbu 6 - Afun pẹlu MYSQL ati PHP n pese wiwo ẹnu-ọna olupin olupin ti o ni agbara fun Iṣakoso Itọsọna Wodupiresi.

Koko yii ṣalaye awọn igbesẹ ti o nilo lati ni ilọsiwaju lati fi sori ẹrọ ẹya tuntun ti Wodupiresi lori oke LAMP, eyiti o duro fun Linux, Apache, MySQL/MariaDB, PHP ati PhpMyAdmin lori Debian, Ubuntu ati Linux Mint, pẹlu ipilẹ Apache Virtual Host awọn atunto ati iraye si ibi ipamọ data MySQL nipasẹ laini aṣẹ tabi Ọlọpọọmídíà PhpMyAdmin, ṣugbọn mọ pe ko bo awọn atunto iṣẹ nẹtiwọọki pataki miiran, bii aworan agbaye orukọ IP ti a pese nipasẹ olupin DNS ati lilo faili awọn eto rudimentary rọọrun fun awọn iṣowo orukọ IP (DNS) ibeere).

Pẹlupẹlu, awọn eto siwaju wa lori fere gbogbo awọn eto Debian pẹlu awọn iyatọ diẹ (pupọ julọ wọn nipa awọn ọna afun), eyi ti yoo ṣe akiyesi ni akoko to dara.

Igbesẹ 1: Awọn atunto Ipilẹ Server

1. Ni akọkọ, nitori otitọ pe ko si olupin DNS ti o ni aṣẹ lori nẹtiwọọki, ati fun iṣeto yii Apẹẹrẹ Virtual Host ti lo. A nilo lati ya IP olupin si orukọ ašẹ wa foju (iro) lati ni anfani lati wọle si bi orukọ ašẹ gidi lati aṣawakiri eyikeyi.

Lati pari iṣẹ yii ṣii ati satunkọ ‘/etc/host/‘ lori olupin agbegbe ati orukọ ašẹ ti o fẹ julọ lori opin laini “127.0.0.1 localhost”. Ninu ọran mi, Mo ti mu orukọ ìkápá bi 'wordpress.lan'.

$ sudo nano /etc/hosts

Lẹhin ti a ti fi kun igbasilẹ rẹ o le ṣe idanwo rẹ nipa ipinfunni pipaṣẹ ping kan lori orukọ ibugbe tuntun rẹ.

$ ping wordpress.lan

2. Ti o ba ṣe apẹrẹ olupin rẹ fun iṣelọpọ ati ṣiṣe nikan lati laini aṣẹ (ati pe o yẹ) ati pe o nilo lati wọle si aaye Wodupiresi lati ibudo Windows nibikan lori nẹtiwọọki rẹ lẹhinna ṣii ati yipada pẹlu akọsilẹ kan ti faili awọn faili Windows wa lori ' C:\Windows\System32\awakọ tc 'ọna ati lori laini ti o kẹhin fi kun Apam Server LAMP IP rẹ ati orukọ orukọ-foju rẹ.

Lẹẹkansi ṣe ila laini aṣẹ ping kan si orukọ ibugbe WordPress rẹ ati olupin yẹ ki o pada sẹhin.

Fifi LAMP Stack lori Server

3. Bayi o to akoko lati fi ipilẹ LAMP sori ẹrọ, ṣiṣe atẹle 'apt-get' atẹle lati fi Apache, MySQL, ati PHP sori ẹrọ.

$ sudo apt-get install apache2 apache2-utils php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip mariadb-server mariadb-client

Fifi Ẹrọ Ọpa PhpMyAdmin sii

4. Ti o ba dara pẹlu laini aṣẹ MySQL o le foju igbesẹ yii, miiran fi sori ẹrọ Ọlọpọọmídíà PhpMyAdmin - Ọpa kan ti o le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ pẹlu sisakoso awọn apoti isura data MySQL.

Ṣiṣe laini aṣẹ atẹle, yan olupin ayelujara Apache ki o ma ṣe tunto ibi ipamọ data kan fun PHPMyAdmin pẹlu dbconfig-common .

$ sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

5. Lẹhin ti a ti fi PhpMyAdmin sii ni akoko lati ṣe ki o wa ni wiwọle fun lilọ kiri lori ayelujara ati fun pe olupin ayelujara Apache nilo lati ka faili awọn atunto rẹ.

Lati mu PhpMyAdmin ṣiṣẹ o gbọdọ daakọ apache.conf Iṣeto iṣeto PhpMyAdmin si conf-available Ọna afun ki o mu iṣeto titun naa ṣiṣẹ.

Fun eyi, ṣiṣe awọn atẹle ti awọn aṣẹ lori Ubuntu ati awọn ọna ẹrọ Mint Linux.

$ sudo cp /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/
$ sudo mv /etc/apache2/conf-available/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
$ sudo a2enconf phpmyadmin

Lori awọn ọna Debian, gbe awọn ofin wọnyi jade.

$ sudo cp /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/
$ sudo mv /etc/apache2/conf.d/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf

6. Lati wọle si PhpMyAdmin, ṣii ẹrọ lilọ kiri lori ayelujara kan, ki o lọ kiri si adirẹsi isalẹ.

http://IP-Address-or-Domain/phpmyadmin/

Ṣiṣẹda Gbalejo Foju Afun fun Aṣẹ

7. Igbesẹ ti n tẹle ni lati ṣẹda Alejo foju kan lori olupin ayelujara Apache ti yoo gbalejo WordPress tuntun ašẹ. Lati ṣẹda ati muu ṣiṣẹ Gbalejo Foju tuntun kan, ṣii olootu ọrọ kan ki o ṣẹda faili tuntun ti a npè ni, aba, wordpress.conf lori /etc/apache2/sites-available/ nipa ṣiṣe pipaṣẹ atẹle.

$ sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/wordpress.conf

Ṣafikun awọn itọsọna wọnyi ni isalẹ faili naa. Fipamọ ki o Pade faili naa.

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerName wordpress.lan
        ServerAdmin [email 
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Lẹhinna mu olupin foju tuntun ṣiṣẹ pẹlu aṣẹ yii.

$ sudo a2ensite wordpress.conf
$ sudo systemctl reload apache2

8. Lati yago fun aṣiṣe Apache ọjọ iwaju yẹn, ServerName FQDN ti o padanu faili iṣeto akọkọ ṣii /etc/apache2/apache2.conf , ṣafikun laini atẹle ni isalẹ faili ki o tun bẹrẹ iṣẹ.

ServerName wordpress.lan

9. Tun iṣẹ apache2 bẹrẹ.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

Ṣiṣẹda aaye data Wodupiresi fun Aṣẹ

10. Bayi ni akoko lati ṣẹda ibi ipamọ data tuntun ati olumulo olumulo data tuntun fun Wodupiresi. Awọn ọna meji lo wa lati ṣe eyi, boya nipasẹ laini aṣẹ MySQL, eyiti o tun jẹ ọna to ni aabo julọ tabi nipa lilo ọpa wẹẹbu PhpMyAdmin. Lori akọle yii, a bo ọna laini aṣẹ kan.

Ṣugbọn ni akọkọ, o nilo lati jẹ ki fifi sori ẹrọ MySQL rẹ ni aabo nipasẹ ṣiṣe afọwọkọ aabo atẹle yii ki o dahun BẸẸNI lori gbogbo awọn ibeere lati mu awọn eto aabo data SQL rẹ le.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

11. Bayi ni akoko lati ṣẹda ibi ipamọ data Wodupiresi nipa sisopọ si ikarahun mysql bi olumulo olumulo.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE mysite;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mysite.* TO 'mysiteadmin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY  '[email !';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

Fifi Wodupiresi sori Aṣẹ

12. Lẹhin ti gbogbo awọn atunto olupin ẹgbin ti Apache ti ṣe ati pe a ti ṣẹda ibi ipamọ data MySQL ati olumulo iṣakoso o to akoko lati ṣe fifi sori ẹrọ WordPress ni otitọ lori apoti wa.

Ni akọkọ, ṣe igbasilẹ iwe akọọlẹ Wodupiresi tuntun nipasẹ ipinfunni aṣẹ wget atẹle.

$ wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

13. Nigbamii ti o jade ni ile-iwe wodupiresi ati daakọ gbogbo awọn faili ti a fa jade si Apache Virtual Host DocumentRoot, iyẹn yoo jẹ /var/www/html lori awọn ọna Ubuntu ati Linux Mint.

$ sudo tar xvzf latest.tar.gz
$ sudo cp -r wordpress/*  /var/www/html

Lori awọn eto Debian, ṣiṣe awọn ofin wọnyi.

$ sudo tar xvzf latest.tar.gz
$ sudo mkdir -p  /var/www/html
$ sudo cp -r wordpress/*  /var/www/html

14. Ṣaaju ki o to bẹrẹ insitola WordPress rii daju pe Apache ati awọn iṣẹ MySQL n ṣiṣẹ ati tun ṣiṣe awọn ofin wọnyi lati yago fun ‘wp-config.php‘ ẹda faili aṣiṣe - a yoo pada awọn ayipada lẹhinna.

$ sudo service apache2 restart
$ sudo service mysql restart
$ sudo chown -R www-data  /var/www/html
$ sudo chmod -R 755  /var/www/html

15. Ṣii ẹrọ aṣawakiri kan ki o tẹ IP olupin rẹ tabi orukọ ašẹ foju lori URL ni lilo ilana HTTP.

http://wordpress.lan/index.php
http://your_server_IP/index.php

16. Lori iyara akọkọ yan Ede rẹ ki o lu Tẹsiwaju.

17. Lori iboju ti nbo tẹ orukọ ibi ipamọ data wordpress MySQL rẹ, olumulo, ọrọ igbaniwọle, ati olugbalejo, lẹhinna lu lori Firanṣẹ.

18. Lẹhin ti olutaṣe ṣaṣeyọri ni asopọ si ibi ipamọ data MySQL ati pe o pari faili 'wp-config.php' ẹda faili lu 'Run' bọtini ti o fi sii ati pese olutọpa Wodupiresi pẹlu Akọle Aye kan, orukọ olumulo iṣakoso, ati ọrọ igbaniwọle fun bulọọgi rẹ, adirẹsi imeeli ati nikẹhin tẹ lori Fi sori ẹrọ Wodupiresi.

19. Lẹhin ti fifi sori ẹrọ pari o le buwolu wọle si bulọọgi tuntun rẹ ni wodupiresi oju opo wẹẹbu nipa lilo awọn iwe-ẹri iṣakoso rẹ ati bẹrẹ lati ṣe akanṣe bulọọgi rẹ lati Dasibodu tabi ṣafikun awọn nkan itura tuntun fun awọn miliọnu awọn onkawe si kariaye tabi iwọ nikan!

20. Igbesẹ ti o kẹhin diẹ sii ni lati tun pada awọn ayipada ti a ṣe lori /var/www/html ‘itọsọna ati awọn igbanilaaye faili.

$ sudo chown -R root /var/www/html

Iyẹn ni gbogbo awọn igbesẹ ti o nilo fun fifi sori ẹrọ ni wodupiresi pipe lori Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, ati pupọ julọ gbogbo awọn ipinpinpin Linux ti o da lori Debian ni lilo olupin wẹẹbu Apache, ṣugbọn sibẹ, koko yii tobi pupọ pe apakan ipilẹ nikan ni a ti bo.

Fun agbegbe pipe, iwọ yoo tun nilo lati fi sori ẹrọ ati ṣeto olupin DNS kan, jẹki awọn ofin Apache ‘.htacccess’ ati, ti aabo ba beere rẹ, mu SSL ṣiṣẹ lori olupin Wẹẹbu kan.

Jeki HTTPS lori Wodupiresi

21. Ti o ba fẹ mu lagabara HTTPS lori oju opo wẹẹbu Wodupiresi rẹ, o nilo lati fi ijẹrisi SSL ọfẹ kan lati Jẹ ki Encrypt bi o ti han.

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository universe
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
$ sudo certbot --apache

22. Lati rii daju pe aaye Wodupiresi rẹ nlo HTTPS, ṣabẹwo si oju opo wẹẹbu rẹ ni https://yourwebsite.com/ ki o wa fun aami titiipa ninu ọpa URL. Ni omiiran, o le ṣayẹwo HTTPS aaye rẹ ni https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/.