Bii a ṣe le ran Awọn Ẹrọ Agbara pupọ lọpọlọpọ nipa lilo Fi sori ẹrọ Nẹtiwọọki (HTTP, FTP ati NFS) labẹ Ayika KVM - Apá 2
Eyi ni Apakan 2 ti jara KVM, nibi a yoo jiroro bii o ṣe le ran awọn ẹrọ foju foju Linux nipa lilo fifi sori nẹtiwọọki labẹ agbegbe KVM. A yoo jiroro awọn oriṣi mẹta ti fifi sori ẹrọ nẹtiwọọki (FTP, NFS ati HTTP), ọkọọkan wọn ni awọn ohun pataki pataki rẹ.
Ṣaaju ki o to bẹrẹ, rii daju pe o ni awọn ohun pataki ti a ti mẹnuba ni apakan akọkọ ti jara yii.
- Ṣeto Awọn Ẹrọ Ojulo ni Lainos Lilo KVM (Ẹrọ Ẹrọ ti o ni orisun Kernel) - Apakan 1
Fifi sori Nẹtiwọọki nipa lilo FTP
1. Ṣaaju ki o to bẹrẹ o yẹ ki a fi package iṣẹ ftp sori ẹrọ.
# yum install vsftpd
2. Lẹhin ti a ti fi sori ẹrọ vsftpd, lẹhinna jẹ ki a bẹrẹ ki o jẹ ki o ṣiṣẹ patapata.
# systemctl start vsftpd # systemctl enable vsftpd
3. Fun awọn ọran aabo, o le nilo lati ṣafikun iṣẹ FTP si Ogiriina.
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp # firewall-cmd –reload
4. Bayi o to akoko lati yan Linux ISO rẹ ti o fẹ ṣiṣẹ lori, ni apakan yii a lo RHEL7 ISO . Jẹ ki a gbe aworan ISO wa labẹ aaye oke (ie/ipo mnt). O tun le ṣẹda aaye oke aṣa rẹ.
# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/iso-mp/
5. Titi di asiko yii, a ko pin nkankan labẹ olupin FTP sibẹsibẹ. Ọna data aiyipada FTP jẹ /var/ftp/pub/ njẹ ki o ṣẹda itọsọna tuntun labẹ rẹ.
# mkdir /var/ftp/pub/RHEL7
6. Lẹhinna Daakọ ISO ti o gbe ti o wa ninu awọn faili si rẹ. O tun le ṣafikun aṣayan ‘v’ fun awọn alaye ọrọ-ọrọ lakoko didakọ.
# cp -r /mnt/iso-mp/* /var/ftp/pub/RHEL7/
7. Lakotan jẹ ki tun iṣẹ vsftpd tun bẹrẹ ati ṣayẹwo ipo iṣẹ naa.
# systemctl restart vsftpd # systemctl enable vsftpd # systemctl status vsftpd
vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; enabled) Active: active (running) Main PID: 27275 (vsftpd)
8. Bayi akoko rẹ fun bibẹrẹ irinṣẹ GUI irinṣẹ-oluṣakoso wa.
# virt-manager
9. Lẹhin ti o bẹrẹ ‘oluṣakoso oluṣakoso’, ṣẹda ẹrọ iṣoogun tuntun lẹhinna yan Nẹtiwọọki fi sii lati window yii.
10. Nigbati o ba ti fi awọn idii KVM sori ẹrọ ni igba akọkọ, a ti ṣẹda afara foju lati sopọ mọ ẹrọ foju pẹlu agbalejo ti ara. O le ṣe afihan iṣeto rẹ nipa lilo pipaṣẹ ifconfig.
# ifconfig virbr0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.124.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.124.255
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe03:d8b9 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 52:54:00:03:d8:b9 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 21603 bytes 1144064 (1.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 214834 bytes 1108937131 (1.0 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
Iwọ yoo ṣe akiyesi pe IP: 192.168.124.1 ti pin si afara iṣọn-ọrọ vibr0.Virtual awọn ẹrọ nlo IP yii lati sopọ pẹlu agbalejo ti ara. Nitorinaa, a le sọ pe IP yii jẹ aṣoju aṣoju ti ara ni agbegbe nẹtiwọọki foju.
A yoo lo IP yii lati pese ọna URL si itọsọna FTP wa eyiti o ni awọn faili ti ISO wa. Ti o ba ni ranṣẹ olupin FTP rẹ lori olupin miiran/latọna jijin, kan tẹ IP ti olupin miiran dipo IP ti tẹlẹ.
11. Lẹhinna o yoo beere lọwọ rẹ nipa awọn orisun ati ipamọ bi kanna bi apakan ti tẹlẹ ti ẹkọ wa. Lẹhin gbogbo nibẹ o yoo de ọdọ window yii tabi nkan bi eleyi.
Tẹ Pari, ki o gbadun pẹlu ẹrọ foju tuntun rẹ.
Fifi sori Nẹtiwọọki nipa lilo NFS
1. A ni fere awọn igbesẹ kanna nibi, fi sori ẹrọ package iṣẹ nfs.
# yum install nfs-utils
2. Itele, bẹrẹ iṣẹ nfs ki o ṣafikun iṣẹ si ogiriina titi ayeraye.
# systemctl start nfs # systemctl enable nfs # firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=nfs # firewall-cmd –reload
3. Gbe Linux ISO naa.
# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/iso-mp/
4. A le pin aaye oke yii nipa lilo ipin NFS nipa ṣiṣatunkọ /ati be be lo/okeere .
#echo /mnt/iso-mp *(ro) > /etc/exports
5. Tun bẹrẹ iṣẹ NFS ki o ṣayẹwo ipo iṣẹ naa.
# systemctl restart nfs # systemctl status nfs
nfs-server.service - NFS server and services Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; disabled) Active: active (exited)
8. Bẹrẹ irinṣẹ GUI ‘virt-manager’.
# virt-manager
9. Lẹhin ti o bẹrẹ ‘oluṣakoso oluṣakoso’, ṣẹda ẹrọ iṣoogun tuntun lẹhinna yan Fi sori ẹrọ Nẹtiwọọki ati lẹhinna tẹ ọna URL ti itọsọna NFS eyiti o ni awọn faili ti ISO sii. Ti o ba ti gbe olupin NFS rẹ sori ẹrọ latọna jijin miiran, kan tẹ IP ti ẹrọ yẹn sii.
10. Lẹhinna yoo beere lọwọ rẹ lati tẹ awọn orisun ati ibi ipamọ gẹgẹbi kanna ti a jiroro ni apakan iṣaaju ti jara yii .. Kan fọwọsi gbogbo awọn alaye wọnyi ki o lu lori bọtini ‘Pari’.
Fifi sori Nẹtiwọọki Lilo HTTP
1. A tun ni fere awọn igbesẹ kanna nibi paapaa, fi package iṣẹ http sori ẹrọ, bẹrẹ rẹ ki o mu ki o ṣiṣẹ patapata lori ogiriina.
# yum install httpd # systemctl start httpd # systemctl enable httpd # firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=httpd # firewall-cmd –reload
2. Itele, gbe aworan ISO si ori ‘/ mnt/iso-mp‘ ipo.
# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/iso-mp/
3. Titi di isisiyi a ko pin ohunkohun labẹ olupin HTTP sibẹsibẹ. Ọna data aiyipada HTTP jẹ '/ var/www/html', jẹ ki o ṣẹda itọsọna tuntun labẹ rẹ.
# mkdir /var/www/html/RHEL7
4. Lẹhinna Daakọ gbe awọn faili ISO si itọsọna yii.
# cp -r /mnt/iso-mp/* /var/www/html/RHEL7/
5. Tun bẹrẹ iṣẹ httpd ki o ṣayẹwo ipo iṣẹ naa.
# systemctl restart httpd # systemctl status httpd
httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled) Active: active (running) Main PID: 3650 (httpd)
6. Nigbamii ti bẹrẹ ‘virt-manager’, ṣẹda ẹrọ iṣoogun tuntun lẹhinna yan Fi sori ẹrọ Nẹtiwọọki ki o tẹ url itọsọna ọna HTTP, eyiti o ni awọn faili ti aworan ISO ki o tẹle ilana naa gẹgẹbi a ti sọrọ loke ..
Ipari
A ti jiroro lori bi a ṣe le firanṣẹ ẹrọ foju foju Linux nipa lilo fifi sori nẹtiwọọki. Fi sori ẹrọ nẹtiwọọki jẹ ayanfẹ pupọ lori fifi sori agbegbe nitori isọdọkan eyiti o ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati ṣafihan orisun fifi sori aringbungbun kan, gbogbo awọn olupin/ẹrọ lo lati fi ranṣẹ ẹrọ ṣiṣe wọn. Eyi dinku dinku akoko fifi sori ẹrọ asan ni awọn agbegbe nla.